Anesthesia

  1. Induction period Def.
    Taking animal from conscious level to unconscious level
  2. 2 Types of induction agents
    • **1.Injectables - quicker
    • 2.inhalant
  3. Route for injectables
    IV or IM
  4. Look for 2 effects for induction
    • Unconsciousness
    • Relaxed jaw tone
  5. 2 Techniques for inhalants
    • Blast em tech
    • Nice war tech
    • *never use gas induction on bracycephalics
  6. 2 types of ET tubes
    • Murphy
    • Cole
  7. Indications fo intubating
    • 1.Provide a patent airway
    • 2.Prevent aspiration
    • 3.Provide efficient gas delivery
    • 4.Decrease physiologic dead space
  8. 3 causes of difficult intubation
    • *1.Poor pt positioning
    • 2.Laryngospasms
    • 3.inadequate plane of anesthesia
  9. Maintenance Period Def
    • Period of time following induction in which a stable level of anesthesia is achieved.
    • -want a slight in in HR and RR due to Sx stim
  10. Stages and planes of anesthesia
    • Stage 1 - Awake / all reflexs
    • Stage 2 - invol excitement stage / goes from conscious to unconscious
    • Stage 3 (plane 1) - Intubation / reflexs sluggish
    • Stage 3 (plane 2) - Sx done here / Inc HR & RR / reflexs absent
    • Stage 3 (plane 3) - Deep plane / HR & RR down or norm / reflexs most absent
    • Stage 3 (plane) 4 - Overdose / HR & RR way down
    • Stage 4 - CPR needed to maintain life
  11. Protective Reflexs
    • Palpebral - touch medial canthus of eye
    • Pedal - Toe pinch
    • Ear Flick - hair in ear
    • Swallow - lost S3P1
    • Eye Rotation - S3P2 rotate medial and ventral / center = light or deep
    • Jaw Tone - should never be absent
  12. Why is animal getting too deep?
    • *1.individual variation
    • 2.Ventilation too freq.
    • 3.improper vaporizer function
  13. Stuff we are monitoring
    • 1. Cardiovascular
    • 2. Respiratory
    • 3. CNS
    • 4. Blood Pressure
  14. Causes of Hypotension
    • 1.Bradycardia
    • *2.Hypovolemia
    • 3.Anesthetic
  15. 3 ways to measure BP
    • 1.Doppler
    • 2.Oscillometric
    • *3.Direct Arterial BP
  16. (Machines - How to hook up / Gives? / Norms)
    Doppler
    • 1.Cuff = 40% diameter of leg
    • How? - place crystal concase side down on artery, taped.
    • Gives? - Systolic BP , HR
    • Norms? - HR = D 60-160, C 140-240, H 30-40
    • / - Systolic BP = 100-160 bpm
  17. (Machines - How to hook up / Gives? / Norms)
    Pulse Oximeter
    • How? - placed on non-pigmented skin
    • Gives? - SaO2(amt of Hgb saturated O2) / Pulse Rate
    • Norms? - SaO2 > 95%

    1.Erroneous readings - Probe placement
  18. (Machines - How to hook up / Gives? / Norms)
    Capnograph
    • ow? - 1.Mainstream=within circuit 2. Sidestream=in machine(scavenge)
    • Hook to ET tube and breathing circuit
    • Gives? - RR / End tidal CO2 / Inspiratory CO2
    • Norms? - 8-20bpm / 35-45mmHg / 0-5mmHg
  19. Why ventilate every 5mins
    • Blow off CO2
    • Prevent Atalectisis
  20. (Machines - How to hook up / Gives? / Norms)
    Mechanical Ventilator
    • How? - res bag port
    • Controls? - Inspiratory press(15-20H2O)/time , Tidal Volume , Respitory Rate

    1.Volume cycle Ventilator - must set tidal volume
  21. Electric in Heart
    SA node > AV Node > Bundle of HIS > Perkinjie Fibers
  22. (Machines - How to hook up / Gives? / Norms)
    ECG
    • How? - White Right Axill. / Black Left Axill. / Red Left Inguin. / Green Right Inguin.
    • Gives? - HR / Heart Rythms
    • Norms? -
  23. Artifacts on ECG
    • 1.Movement
    • 2.Cautery
    • 3.Dental Equipment
    • 4.Driedout electrodes
    • 5.60 cycle nterference
  24. Systemic approach to eval ECG
    • 1.Rate
    • 2.R to R
    • 3.P for every QRS
    • 4.QRS for every P
    • 5.QRS Normal?
    • 6.T Waves normal?
  25. Anticholinergics
    • 1.Dry Secretions
    • 2.Prevent Bradycardia
  26. Atropine Sulfate
    • Atropine
    • Anticholinergics
  27. Glycopyrrolate
    • Robinul-V
    • anticholinergic
  28. Tranqs. Phenothiazine group
    Hypotension,Hypothermia,Lowers seizure threshold
  29. Acepomazine
    Promace
  30. Tranqs. Benzodiazepine group
    Skele muscle relax , Anticovulsant
  31. Diazepam
    • Valium
    • Phonothiazine
  32. Midazolam
    • Versed
    • Benzodiazepine
  33. Zolazepam
    • In Telazol
    • Benzodiazepine
  34. Flumazenil
    Reversal agent for benzodiazepines
  35. Tranqs. Butyrophenones group
    Droperidol (in Innovar-Vet) with Fentanyl
  36. Alpha-2-Agonists / Sedatives / Thiazines deriv
    Muscle relaxtion , analgesthia , bradycardia
  37. Xylazine
    • Rompan
    • Anased

    Alpha-2-agonists
  38. Medetomidine
    • Domitor
    • Alpha-2-agonist
  39. Detomidine
    • Demosedan
    • Alpha-2-Agonist
  40. Dexmedetomidine
    • Dex Domitor
    • Alpha-2-agonist
  41. Reversals for Alpha-2-Agon.
    • Yohimbine
    • Tolaxoline
    • Atipamazole
    • Doxapram (Dopram-V)
  42. Opioids
    • Morphine - P Ag
    • Oxymorphone (Numophan) - P Ag
    • Fentanyl (Sublimaze) - P Ag
    • Butorpahnol (Torb) - Mixed
    • Buprenorphine (Buprenex) - Partial Ag
    • Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) - P Ag
    • M-99 (Entrophine) - P Ag
  43. Opioid Reversals
    • Naloxone (Narcan) - P Antag
    • Butorphanol - Mixed
  44. NSAID
    • Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin)
    • Carprofen (Rimadyl)
    • Deracoxib (Deramaxx)
    • Acetominophen (Tylenol)
    • Meloxicam (Metacam)
    • Tepoxlin (Zubrin)

    Anti-inflam, Analgesics , Anti-pyretic
Author
lynnsy
ID
154374
Card Set
Anesthesia
Description
Unit 2 Stuff
Updated