E&S:Lecture 5

  1. Coal formation
    • 1. 300 million years ago, giant plants died in swamps
    • 2. Millions of years later, the plants were bureid under water and drt
    • 3. Heat and pressure turned dead plants into coal
  2. Petroleum and Natural Gas formation
    • 1. Tiny sea plants and animals died and buried on the ocean floor
    • 2. Over millions of years, they were buried deeper covered by silt and sand
    • 3. Heat and pressure turned them into oil and gas.
  3. Crude oil is called "sweet" when
    it contains onlly a small amount of sulfur
  4. Crude oil is called "sour" when
    it contains a lot of sulfur
  5. "Light Crude oil" vs "Heavy" crude oil
    "Light" crude oil flows freely like water,while "heavy" crude oil is thick like tar.
  6. Natural gas consists primarily of
    Methane with less than 20% heavier hydrocarbons
  7. Fractional Distillation
    • Process by which Crude oil is refined
    • -Boil/Condense
  8. Net energy
    Energy Produced - Energy Consumed
  9. Net Energy Ratio
    Energy Produced/Energy Consumed
  10. The world's largest oil field
    • -Ghawar
    • -Located in Saudi Arabia
    • -6% of global production
    • -appears to have peaked
  11. Synfuels
    -Chemical conversion of one type of fuel to another
  12. First use of Synfuels
    -Coal Gas used for lighting in the 1800s
  13. Advantages of Synfuels
    • 1. More valuable than coal
    • 2. Cleaner final product
  14. Disadvantages of Synfuels
    • 1. Requires significant energy
    • 2. Process creates pollution
  15. How do internal combustion engines burn fuel?
    Internal combustion engines burn fuel intermittently or continuously within the engine to produce mechanical power
  16. The conventional fourstrokeengine has four distinct cycles:
    • 1. Intake
    • 2. Compression
    • 3. Power
    • 4. Exhaust
Author
dante01
ID
154352
Card Set
E&S:Lecture 5
Description
study
Updated