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rocks rivers glaciers
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Stream Order
Smallest stream with no tributaries equals the FIRST ORder
Second Order
When two first order streams merge to a third order
when a higher order mergers with a lower one what remains?
the higher order
mississppi river highest order
10th
sediment load
the amount of sediment transported by a river
bed load
coarse/sediment that moves along the river bed by rollling, sliding or saltationo
suspended load
fine grained material held in the water by turbulence
bed load and suspended load depend on
energy in water (velocity)
if velocity increases in a river?
errosion
If velocity decreases in a river
depositons
discharge
amount of water flowing down a river
sinuosity
curvyness of a river
braided streams
Multiple channeis that split and recombine
steeper gradient
higher velocity
higher sediment
lower discharge
meandering stream
single channel that winds back and forth over flat area called a FLOOD PLAIN
flatter gradient
lower velocity
lower sediment load
higher discharge
landscape evolution (matuerity)
young stream = immature landscape
steep V- shaped valley
stepper gradient and higher velocity
low sinuosity (straighter)
older stream (mature landscape)
wide flood plain
flatter gradient and lower velocity
higher sinoucity
rejuvenated stream
inside meanders
meandering shape but steep valley and steep gradient
due to rapid uplift
anticedant Stream
river was there befor the mountains uplifted
drainage pattern
reveal the nature and structure of the rocks underneath it
dendritic pattern
tributaries join the main stream at an acute angle (forming V or Y) pointing down stream.
pattern resembles branches of a tree or nerve dendrites
most common type of pattern
Radical Pattern
streams diverge outward like spokes of a wheel, forms on high conical mountains such as composite volcanoes and domes
rectangular pattern
tributaries have frequent 90 bends and tend to join other streams at right angles develops on regularly fractured rock
trellis pattern
consists of parallel main streams with short tributaries meeting them at right angles
form in a region where tiltied layers of resistant rock such as sandstone alternate with nonresistant rock like shale
when a river meets the ocean or a lake and the velocity slows down and the sediment will be deposited into a?
delta
alluvial fan
dry delta from an desert stream
main stream project
2 billion
widen and deepen river channel
raised prodo dam by 40 ft
built new dam called seven oaks dam
porosity =
volume of open pore space/ total volume of rock
permiability
rate that water can flow through a rock
depends on the amount of CONNECTED pore space
aquifer
rock with high porosity and permiability
aquitard
rock with low porosity and permiability
aquiclude
rock with no/very low porosity and permiability
open or unconfined aquifer
dose not have an aquiclude over it
closed or confined aquifer
has an aquicude over it
flowing artesian well
water rises out of the aquifier and flows to the surface without being pumped
non flowing artesian well
water rises out of aquifier but not to the surface
glaciers
when ever the accumulation of snow greater then the melting
Alpine glaciers or valley glaciers
confined within a valley in a mountain range
landscape carved by rivers
v shaped valley
gentle rounded topography
tributeries can cut down to same level as main stream
landspace carved by glaciers
u shaped valley with steeper walls and wider valley floor
sharp angular topography
main glaciers can cut down much deeper then tributaries leaves HANGING VALLEY behind
arete
sharp ridge between glaciers
horn
sharp glarized mountain peak
ex)matahorn
cirque
a bowl shaped depression at the head of the glacier
tarn
lake within a cirque
(rock basin lake)
till
immature glacial sediment
very angular
unsorted (by size)
glacial erratics
large boulders randomly left by glaciers
moraine
an accumulmation of till
glacier retreats
mean its not moving as fast as it use to not melting as quickly
estuary
valley flooded by rising sea level
fjord
glacial (U shaped ) estuary
contintatal glaciers of ice sheets
cover large areas, flows away from an area of high snowfall, can be more then 3 miles thick
3 in the world today
green land
east antartic
west antartic
drumlins
tear drop shaped hills made of tills
esker
ridge made sediment deposted by sterein floring within or on top of glacier
kenle
depression left when sediment was depesived a stranded block of ice
usually forms a pond or lake
striarions
grooves cut into rocks that tell us the directions the glacier was moving
Author
arrieta.stephanie
ID
15428
Card Set
rocks rivers glaciers
Description
quiz number 4
Updated
2010-04-21T02:32:42Z
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