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Facts
Information based on real, provable, provable events, or situations.
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Opinion
beliefs based on personal judgements, rather than on indusputable facts.
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Biases
Opinions or beliefs that affect a person's ability to make fair, unclouded judgements or decisions.
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Stereotypes
Oversimplified opinions, that do not account for individual differences, about an entire group of people or things.
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Criticle reading
A reading style in which the reader carfully analyzes the text, judging it credibility and the author's intensions, rather than simply accounting the material as facts, is generaly preferable to passive reading.
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Characteristics of Different Passage Types
PURPOSE
Main reason for writing a particular piece. Tearms like narrative, expository, technical.
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Characteristics of Different Passage Types
Natative
Text that tells a story or relates a chain of events.
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Characteristics of Different Passage Types
Expository
A passage that introduces or explains a subject, gives ground work information that is necessary for understanding latter ideas, or analyzing information objectivly.
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Characteristics of Different Passage Types
Technical
Writing that passes along precise information, usualy about specific topocs, usualy in a formal or a semi formal style.
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Characteristics of Different Passage Types
Persuasive
Writing that tries to get the reader to agree with the author.
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Topic, Main Idea, Supporting Details, and Themes
Topic
The general subject matter covered by the work.
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Topic, Main Idea, Supporting Details, and Themes
Main Idea
The works specific message
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Topic, Main Idea, Supporting Details, and Themes
Supporting details
Flush out and explain the main idea.
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Topic, Main Idea, Supporting Details, and Themes
Themes
Subjects that a written work frequently touches apon
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Topic and Summary Sentences
Sentences
Expres the main point of a paragraph, or of a large text structure. Usually, a paragraph starts with a topic sentence.
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Topic and Summary Sentences
Summary sentences
Generaly apear at or near the end of a sentence, chapeter section or document. Sometimes they sum up the point of the earlier text.
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Logical conclusions
An idea that follows from the facts or ideas presented in the text. NOTE: A logical conclusion does not need to be factual or true; it may be completly logical when viewed on its own.
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Predictions, Inference, and Conclusions
Inferences
A next step or logical conclusion that is not actualy written in the text; rather it is deducted by the reader, based on information that is in the text.
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Persuasive, Informative, Entertaining and expressive passages.
* Inform: the reader about some fact or event; newspaper articles pften fall into this category.
* Persuade the reader to a particular viewpoint; this sort of writing is often called persuasive writing.
* Entertain the reader
* Express felings: such as poetry.
One of the reader's most inportant jobs is figuring out this purpose(author's intent)
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Text Structure
Text structure
The way in which a given text is organized.
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Text Structure
cause-effect
Author presents an action then describes the efffects that result or may result from that action.
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Text Structure
Problem-solution
Might be illustrated by presenting the problem in one paragraph, and the solution in another. The author may write one solid parigraph and use one font for the problem and another font for the solution.
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Text structure
Comparison-contrast
Author may present two diferent cases with the intent of making the reader consider the diferences between the two cases.
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Text structure
Description
Passages that use description tend to describe or charactorize a person thing or idea.
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Definitions in context
Context
Consists of surounding words, sentences or paragraphs that usualy help to reveal the word's meaning.
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Legends and Keys of Maps
Legend
A small portion of a typical map. Small area that explains the symbols and notationsused on the map.
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Legends and Keys of Maps
Compass rose
Contained in the legend and indicates the cardinal direction, North, South ect.
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Legends and Keys of Maps
Distance scale
Contained in the legend. Tells the reader how to intepret distance on the map.
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Headings and Subheadings
Headings
Titles that preface a section of text.
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Headings and subheadings
Subheadings
headings that appear below other headings within the same category.
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