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RA - Facial Proportions

  1. Facial proportions
    the mathematical relationship between one feature and another and/or one feature and the head
  2. Canon of beauty
    the mathematical relationship between one feature and another and/or one feature and the head in harmonious proportions

    it is used as a norm (i.e. a guide)
  3. Canon of ugliness
    any deviation from the canon of beauty

    beauty varies according to race, time culture, fashion, etc.
  4. List the four causes that can cause ugliness
    hereditary

    pathological conditions (such as cancer)

    injury (traumatic)

    congenital defects
  5. List examples of some of the causes of ugliness
    scars

    birthmarks

    large/crooked nose

    large ears

    cauliflower ears

    bucked teeth

    harelip

    protruding eyes

    projecting forehead

    extreme receding chin

    asymmetry
  6. What are the values of facial proportions?
    to make comparisons with a photograph

    to note similarities and/or differences in size relationship
  7. It is only when using ___________ (horizontal/vertical) lines that we need to differentiate between head and face
    horizontal
  8. Horizontal lines
    transverse lines

    they cross the face

    they measure the length of the face OR the head
  9. The head in considered to be proportioned in ____ (1/2's or 1/3's) whereas the face is divided into ___ (1/2's or 1/3's)

    Line of closure eyes (1/2) divides the head in half not the face

    All the rest of the horizontal lines 1/3's and 1/9's
    head = 1/2's

    face = 1/3's or 1/9's
  10. Head length: horizontal: 1/2's
    superior: vertex/apex of cranium

    half: line of closure eyes

    inferior: base of chin
  11. 3 equal divisions of the length of the face: horizontal: 1/3's

    often referred to as "thirds of the face"
    upper: hairline to eyebrow

    middle: eyebrow to base of nose

    lower: base of nose to base of chin
  12. Face length: horizontal: 1/9's
    hairline = 0/9 or 9/9

    blank = 1/9 or 8/9

    blank = 2/9 or 7/9

    eyebrow = 3/9 or 6/9

    line of closure eye = 4/5 or 5/9

    blank = 5/9 or 4/9

    base of nose = 6/9 or 3/9

    line of closure = 7/9 or 2/9

    labio-mental sulcus = 8/9 or 1/9

    base of chin = 9/9 or 0/9
  13. List all 8 horizontal lines for head and face in order from top to bottom
    vertex/apex of cranium

    hairline

    eyebrow

    line of closure eyes

    base of nose

    line of closure mouth

    labio-mental sulcus

    base of chin
  14. List all 8 horizontal lines for head and face in order from bottom to top
    base of chin

    labio-mental sulcus

    line of closure mouth

    base of nose

    line of closure eyes

    eyebrow

    hairline

    vertex/apex of cranium
  15. Vertical lines: These measure the width of the face or head

    these divide the face OR head into 5 eye-widths
    mid-sagital/midline

    medial canthus (tangent to the wings of the nose)

    midline of the eye (corner of the mouth)

    lateral canthus (helps us locate the side of the face)

    REMEMBER: the side of the face is one eye-width beyond the lateral canthus
  16. 3 equal divisions of the lower third of the face

    from base of nose to base of chin

    sometimes referred to as the 9ths of the face OR the 3rds of the lower third of the face
    base of nose to line of closure mouth

    line of closure mouth to labio-mental sulcus (inferior labial groove)

    labio-mental sulcus to base of chin
  17. Ear passage to the tip of the nose is the same as all of these:
    - hairline to base of nose

    - eyebrow to base of chin

    - ear passage to ear passage through the head
  18. Vertical measurements are to be described as "length" by means of horizontal lines
    Horizontal measurements are to be described as "width" by means of vertical lines
  19. Length of nose (use horizontal lines)
    - hairline to eyebrow

    - eyebrow to base of nose

    - base of nose to base of chin

    - first two joints of the index finger

    - the distance from the outer canthus of the eye to the ear passage (lateral canthus to the external auditory meatus)

    - according to the canon of beauty: ears and nose measure the same
  20. Width of the eye
    - face or head = 5 eyes wide

    - the base of the nose = 1 eye wide

    - the mouth = 2 eyes wide

    - lateral canthus to lateral canthus = 3 eyes wide

    - lateral canthus to side of face = 1 eye wide
  21. Length of the ear
    - hairline to eyebrow

    - eyebrow to base of nose

    - base of nose to base of chin

    - first two joints of the index finger

    - the distance from the outer canthus of the eye to the ear passage (lateral canthus to the external auditory meatus)

    - 3 times the length from the base of the nose to line of closure mouth

    - the other ear (not exact same length but close enough)

    - according to the canon of beauty: ears and nose measure the same
  22. Restoration of a mouth: width and line of closure
    - width: vertical line through the center of the eye

    - width twice the width of the base of the nose

    - width: 2 eyes wide

    - width: 2/5th the width of the face

    - width: twice the distance from medial canthus to lateral canthus

    - line of closure: 2/3rds the distance up from base of chin to base of nose

    - line of closure: 1/3rd the distance from base of nose to base of chin

    - line of closure: half-way between base of nose and the labio-mental sulcus

    - line of closure: 7/9ths the distance from normal hairline to base of chin

    line of closure: 2/9ths the distance from base of chin to normal hairline
  23. Restoration of an eye:
    - base of nose

    - 1/2 the width of mouth

    - 1/5th width of face/head

    - medial canthus to medial canthus

    - the other eye
  24. Width and length of the face
    the width of the face is 2/3rds the length
  25. Size of adult subject in head length
    7.5 - 8 head lengths tall (including the head)

    exceptions are dwarfs and children
Author
lecaly
ID
153483
Card Set
RA - Facial Proportions
Description
RA - Facial Proportions
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