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Antianxiety medications
other uses
*Special considerations
- Zanax, Ativan, Valium, Librium
- Also used for seizures and alcohol withdrawal
*Low dose in Asains, Buspar for addicts
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Antipsychotics medications and how they work
- Typical --Block DOPAMINE 2 receptors:
- Haldol
- most common prn; Thorazine; Prolixin,
- Atypical -- Block DOPA 1 and 2 and serotonin:
- Resperidal, Zyprexia, Clozapine
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Uses of Antipsychotics
- Psychosis, Tourettes, Autism, Hyperactivity
- Used in acute care as a chemical restraint (sedative)
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Tardive Dyskinesia:
- Extrapyramidal side effect of typical antipsychotics
- - involuntary uncontrollable movements especially of the mouth, tongue, trunk, and limbs.
- *Can be irreversible, common in older, white women.
- NEWER antipsychotics may help decrease
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Acute Dystonic Reaction
- Extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics
- - Acute onset of clenched jaw, stiff neck, oculogyric crisis, dystonias, torticollis, swollen tongue, can lead to blocked airway
*More common in young males GIVE BENADRYL
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Untreated side effects can cause
"Eternal noncompliance"
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Dystonias
involuntary movement of muscles
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Torticollis
Twisting of neck and trunk
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Oculogyric Crisis
Eyes roll in back of head (involuntarily)
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Antidepressants =
- 1. Tricylics- lethal in small amts
- 2. SSRI's
- 3. Novel
- 4. MAOI's - cannot eat food with tyramine: choc, banana, alcohol, yeast; CAUSE severe hypertensive crisis.
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What are the side effects of antidepressants?
- **DELAYED ONSET of ACTION 4-6wks**
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Increased pulse
- Sexual Dysfunction
- ALL will happen before better
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Lithium is used for
To treat and control mania in bipolar disorder.
*Low dose in ASAINS! (.8-1.5)
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Lithium Toxicity
--Low blood levels =
- *EMERGENCY-Hold dose and call Dr*
- Blood<1.5 = N&V, diarrhea, metallic, ab cramps, hand tremor, slurred speech
- Blood>2.5 = weak, ataxia, tinnitus, drowsy lead to stupor, delirium, convulsions
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