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adjudicating
determining finally by a court
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adjudication
a court judgment
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admissible evidence
evidence that is pertinent and proper to be considered in reaching a decision following specific rules
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appeal
a request to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court
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appeal bond
a bond ofter required as security to guarantee the cost of an appeal, especially in civil cases
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appellant
a party brining an appeal
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appellee
a party against whom an appeal is brought. Also called defendant in error and respondent
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case in chief
the introduction of evidence to prove the allegations that were made in the pleadings and in the opening statement
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circumstantial evidence
evidence that relates to some fact other than the fact in issue; indirect evidence
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closing argument
final statement by an attorney summarizing the evidence that has been introduced. Also called summation
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consent decree
a decree that is entered by consent of the parties, usually without admitting guilt or wrongdoing
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court of equity
a court that administers justice according to the system of equity
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cross-examination
the examination of an opposing witness
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decree
the decision of a court of equity
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defendant in error
a party against whom an appeal is brought. Also called appellee and respondent
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deliberate
to consider slowly and carefully
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direct evidence
evidence that directly relates to the fact in issue
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direct examination
the examination of one's own witness.
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DNA
abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid. The double strand of molecules that carries a cell's unique genetic code
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DNA sample
biological evidence of any nature that is utilized to conduct DNA analysis
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documentary evidence
evidence consisting of such documents as written contracts, business records, correspondence, wills, and deeds
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equity
that which is just and fair
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exhibit
tangible items that are introduced in evidence
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hung jury
a deadlocked jury; one that cannot agree
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injunction
an order of a court of equity to do or refrain from doing a particular act.
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judgment
the decision of a court of law
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judgment notwithstanding the verdict
a judgment rendered in favor of one party notwithstanding a verdict in favor of the other party. Also called judgment n.o.v.
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judgment n.o.v.
a judgment rendered in favor of one party notwithstanding a verdict in favor of the other party (n.o.v. is the abbreviation for non obstante cerdicto, which means notwithstanding a verdict?
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judgment on merits
a court decision based on the evidence and facts introduced
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judgment on the pleadings
a judgment rendered without hearing evidence if the court determines that it is clear from the pleadings that one party is entitled to win the case
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jury charge
instuctions to a jury on matters of law
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leading questions
questions that suggest to the witness the desired answer
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mistrial
an invalid trial of no consequence
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motion for a directed verdict
in a jury trial, a motion asking the court to find in favor of the moving party as a matter of law, without having the case go to the jury
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non obstante verdicto
abbreviated n.o.v. Notwithstanding a verdict
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opening statement
an attorney's outline to the jury of anticipated proof.
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polling the jury
a procedure in which individual jurors are asked whether they agree with the verdict given by the jury foreperson
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preliminary injunction
an injunction issued by a court before hearing the merits of a case
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prima facie case
legally sufficient for proof unless rebutted of contradicted by other evidence
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questions of fact
questions about the activities that took place between the parties that caused them to go to court
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questions of law
questions relating to the application or interpretation of law
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real evidence
actual objects that have a bearing on the case, such as an item of clothing, a weapon found at the scene of a crime, a photograph, a chart, or a model
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rebuttal
the introduction of evidence that will destroy the effect of the evidence introduced by the other side
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relevant evidence
evedence tending to prove or disprove an alleged fact
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respondent
one who is called on to answer a petition. A party against whom an appeal is brought. Also called appellee and defendant in error
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reverse
make void. Also called set aside
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ripe for judgment
the stage of a trial when everything has been completed except the court's decision
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sequester
to set apart; isolate
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set aside
make void. Also called reverse
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summation
final statement by an attorney summarizing the evidence that has been introduced. Also called closing argument
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testimonial evidence
oral testimony of witnesses made under oath in open court
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verdict
the decision of a jury
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verdict contrary to law
a verdict that is incorrect as a matter of law
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