Organic Chem & Functional Groups

Benzene ring

Benzene Ring + OH

Benzene Ring + CO₂H

Benzene + CH₃

Benzene Ring + NH₂

Functional group: --OH

Naming: Indicated Carbon position of OH, add "OL" to alkane base name... don't forget to position any substituient groups :D

ex: 2-methyl-1-propanol

• **CYCLOalkanes: don't position the "oh" since it's given that's the 1st carbon.
• ex: 3-ethylcyclopentanol

• 
• Ending: "one" ex: PentanONE
• Description: Carbonyl group bonded to two same or different R's

• ending: "OIC ACID" ex: PropanOIC ACID
• Description: Carbonyl group connected to an R on one side and hydroxyl group on the other (OH)

• 
• NAMING: Name substituient groups alphabetically + ETHER

**NO CARBONYL GROUP: only Oxygen w/o CARBON! **

• 
• NAMING: ends in "OATE"; ex: PropanOATE

>>MUST NAME ALCOHOL PART FIRST THEN ACID PART +OATE!!

ACID GIVES UP OH AND ALCOHOL GIVES UP H!

• aka:
• 

• Aldehydes
• Amides
• Ketones
• Carboxylic Acids
• Esters

• Ethanol-drinking
• Methanol-blind/death
• Isopropyl-rubbing alchol
• Ethylene glycol: antifreeze
• Glycerol: non-toxic sweetner