-
Abduction
Movement away from the midline
-
Abrasion
Scraping away a portion of skin
-
Abruptio
A tearing away from
-
Abcess
A localized collection of pus
-
Acetabulum
Depression in the hip that accommodates the head of the femur
-
Acidosis
Excessive acidity of body fluids
-
Acquired
Nonhereditary condition
-
Active drainage
Drainage attached to an external source to create suction
-
Adduction
Movement towards the midline
-
Adenectomy
Excision of a gland
-
Adenoid
Mass of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx
-
Adhesion
Abnormal joining of parts
-
Aerobic
Living in the presnece of oxygen
-
Alignment
Positioning of body parts in relation to one another.
-
Alimentary
Pertaining to nutrition
-
Alkalosis
Excessive alkalinity of body fluids
-
Allergen
Substance that brings on an allergy
-
Allergy
Hyupersensitivity to a substance
-
Alloplasty
Plastic surgery with nonhuman tissue
-
Ambulatory
Without overnight hospitalization
-
Ampule
Sealed glass that holds a solution for injection
-
Amputation
Removal of a limb
-
Anabolism
The constructive part of metabolism
-
Anaerobic
Able to live without oxygen
-
Analgesia
Absence of a normal sense of pain
-
Anaphylaxis
An allergic reaction to a foreign substance
-
Anastomosis
Surigical connection of two tubular structures to intercommunicate
-
Anatomical position
The body standing erect, with the arms and palms facing forward
-
Anatomy
Science dealing with the structure of organisms
-
Anemia
Reduction in the number of red blood cells
-
Anesthesia
The absence of all sensation
-
Anesthetic
Agent that produces anesthesia
-
Aneurysm
Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel
-
Aneurysm clip
Device placed on the nect of an aneurysm to isolate it from other vessles
-
Angioplasty
Surgical alteration of a blood vessel to restore patency
-
-
Antagonistic
Counteracts the action of something else
-
Anterior
The front side of the body
-
Antibody
Substance developed by the body in response to an antigen
-
Antiemetic
Substance that prevents nausea and vomiting
-
Antigen
Substance that induces the formation of antibodies
-
Antiseptic
Agent that inhibits growth of micororganisms
-
Apex
The pointed extremity of a structure
-
Apnea
Temporary cessation of breathing
-
Aponeurosis
Flat, thin fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone or other tissues
-
Appendage
Anything attaced to a larger part
-
Appendectomy
Surgical removal of the appendix
-
Approximation
Bringing together sides or edges
-
Aqueous humor
Transparent liquid that circulates in the anterior cavity of the eye
-
Arrhythmia
Irregular rhythm of the heartbeat
-
Arthroplasty
The surgical immobilization of a joint
-
Arthroscopy
Joint visiualization
-
Arthrotomy
Cutting into a joint
-
Articulation
The connection of bones; a joint
-
Ascites
Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
-
Asepsis
Free from germs and infection
-
Aseptic technique
Technique used in surgical procedures to prevent contamination
-
Aspire
To draw in or out by suction
-
Assault
Attack or threat of bodily harm
-
Atraumatic
Causing no tissue trauma
-
Atresia
Imperfection of a normal tubular structure
-
Atrophy
Degeneration of an organ
-
Aural
Pertaining to the ear
-
Autoclave
Steam sterilizer
-
Autogenous
From within the body
-
Axial
Pertaining to a line running through the center of the body
-
-
Balance
Physical state of equilibrium
-
Barrel
Cylindrical part of a syringe
-
-
Bevel
The point of a hyperdermic needle
-
Bifurcation
Separation into two branches; forking
-
Bile
A fluid excreted by the liver
-
Biliary tract
System of body parts that conveys bile
-
Binary fission
Method of asexual reproductions
-
Bioburden
Presence of organic material and debris found in a specific area or on an instrument
-
Biopsy
Excision of a small piece of living tissue for examination
-
Bleeder
A blood vessel that has been severed
-
Blunt dissection
Use of a sponge or blunt instrument to separate tissue
-
Body planes
Imaginary lines separating the body into specific areas
-
Bone marrow
Vital substance found in the medullary canal of long bones
-
Bony orbit
Rounded socket in the cranium that accommodates the eyeball
-
Bovie
Spark generator used to cauterize
-
Box lock
Hinge joint of an instrument
-
Bardycardia
Slow heart rate
-
Buried suture
Any stitch that remains completely under the skin
-
Brusa
A sac found near a joint filled with synovial fluid
-
-
Cancellous bone
Spongy tissue found in the epiphysial portion of long bones
-
Cannula
Small tube for insertion into a body part
-
Canthus
Inner or outer corner where the eyelids meet
-
Capsule
Container that encluses a single dose of a drug
-
Cartilage
Dense connective tissue
-
Cateract
Opacity of the lens of the eye
-
Catheter
Tube passed into the body for evacuating fluids
-
Catheterization
Insertion of a catheter into the urethra
-
Caudal
Refers to the tail
-
Cauterization
Destroying tissue by burning
-
Cavity
A hollowed-out space
-
Cell
The simplest form of living matter
-
CNS
Central Nervous System; nerve tissues that control voluntary acts
-
Cephalic
Refers to the head
-
Cerebrospinal fluid
Fluid that protects the brain and the spinal cord
-
Cerumen
Waxlike substance found in the external ear canal
-
Cholecystectomy
Excision of the gallbladder
-
Cholelithiasis
Formation or presence of calculi in the gallbladder
-
Chordee
Painful downward curvature of the penis
-
Chyme
Mixture of partially digested food found in the stomach
-
-
Clamp
Instrument that presses two parts together to constrict
-
Coagulation
The proecess of clotting
-
Colectomy
Excision of part or all of the colon
-
Colitis
Inflammation of the colon
-
Colostomy
The opening of some portion of the colon
-
Communicable
A disease that is capable of being transmitted
-
Compact bone
Hard, dense tissue of bone that surrounds the marrow cavity; also referred to as cortical bone
-
Congenital defect
Imperfection existing since birth
-
Conization
Excision of a cone of tissue
-
Conjunctiva
Mucous membrane lining the eyelids
-
Contaminate
To introduce microbes into a sterile field
-
Contrast medium
Radiopaque substance
-
Cornea
Transparent portion of the outer layer of the eye
-
Coronal plane
A lengthwise plane that divides the body into front and back
-
Cortical bone
Hard, dense tissue of bone that surrounds the marrow cavity; also referred to as compact bone
-
Cranioplasty
Plastic operation on the skull
-
Craniosynostosis
Premature clusure of the skull sutures
-
Craniotomy
Incision through the cranium
-
Culdoscopy
Examination of the viscera of the pelvic cavity
-
Culture
A tissue sample that is grown in a medium to view its condition
-
Currettage
The scraping of the inside of a cavity
-
Cyanosis
Slightly bluish coloration, especially of the skin and mucous membranes, due to reduced hemoglobin in the blood
-
Cyst
A sac containing a fluid-like substance
-
Cystectomy
Removal of the bladder
-
Cystocele
A bladder hernia protruding into the vagina
-
Cystosocpy
Examination of the bladder with a scope
-
Cystotomy
Incision into the bladder
-
Debridement
Removal of dead or damaged tissue from a wound
-
Decontamination
The process of removing organisms from places and objects
-
Decubitus ulcer
Pressure sore on the body
-
Dehiscence
Separation of wound edges
-
Dehydration
The process of losing water
-
Dermatome
Instrument for cutting thin slices of skin for transplantation
-
Dermis
Inner layer of skin
-
Desiccation
Causing tissue destruction by drying
-
Dialysis
Process of removing waste products from the blood
-
Diaphysis
Main shaft-like portion of the bone
-
Digestion
The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
-
Director
A grooved instrument used to guide and identify nsinus tracts
-
Disinfection
Process of destroying microbes with a chemical agent
-
Dislocation
Displacement of a part of a joint
-
Dissect
To cut or separate tissue
-
Distal
Farther away from point of reference
-
Diverticulum
A sac or pouch in the walls of an organ
-
-
Dosage
Amount of medicine to be administered
-
Dose
Amount of medication takenat one time influenced by patient's age, size and medicaql condition
-
Drain
An exit pathway for abnormal fluid accumulation
-
Drainage tube
Tube inserted into a body cavity to drain away contents
-
Drug
Chemical substance that affects body functions
-
Duct
A narrow tubular vessel
-
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
-
Ectopic
In an abnormal position
-
Edema
Collection of fluid in tissue
-
Electrocautery
Using electric current to cut or coagulate tissue
-
Electrosurgery
Surgical procedure where electriciy is required
-
Embolectomy
Surgical removal of an embolus
-
Emergency
Accident or illness that requires immediate intervention
-
-
Endarterectomy
Surgical removal of the lining of an artery
-
Endocrine gland
Ductless gland producing secretions discharged into blood or lymph
-
Endometriosis
Presence of functioning uterine tissue in places where it is not normally
-
Endoscope
Instrument for visualization within a body cavity
-
Endoscopy
Inspection of body organs or cavities with an endoscope
-
Endosteum
Inner layer of the medullary cavity of a bone
-
Endotracheal
Within the trachea
-
Enterectomy
Excision of a portion of the intestine
-
Enterocele
Herniation of the cul-de-sac of Douglas
-
Enucleation
Removal of an entire mass or part without cutting into it
-
Enzyme
Catalytic substsnce in tissue cells
-
Epidermis
The outer layer of skin
-
Epiphysis
Bulbous shaped portion of a long bone
-
Episiotomy
Incision into the perineum during normal labor
-
-
-
Erythema
Redness over the skin
-
Esophagoscopy
Visual examination of the esophagus
-
Eversion
Moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle joint
-
-
Evisceration
Spilling out of abdominal contents caused by dehiscence; removal of contents of a cavity
-
Excision
The act of cutting away
-
Extension
Straightening the angle between two bones
-
External
On or close to the outside of the body
-
Extrinsic eye muscle
Muscle connecting the eyeball to the orbital cavity
-
Extubation
Removal of an endotracheal tube
-
Exocrine gland
A gland whose secretions reach epithelial surfaces
-
Fasciculation
Muscular twitching
-
Fibroma
A fibrous connective tissue tumor
-
Fissure
A deep groove in tissue, skin or organ
-
Fistula
An abnormal passage to a free surface or other cavity
-
Flaccid
Lacking tone in muscle
-
Flange
Rib or rim of a syringe
-
Flexion
Bending the angle between two bones
-
Flouroscope
A device that uses flourescent light to examine deep structures and reproduces optical images onto a screen
-
-
Fontanelles
Unossified spaces between the cranial bones
-
Foramen
A hole in a bone for passage of vessels and nerves
-
Foramen magnum
Opening in the occipital skull in which the spinal cord passes
-
Forceps
Instrument used to hold, grasp, or extract an object
-
Fossa
Shallow depression in a bone
-
Fracture
Loss of continuity of a bone
-
-
Frozen section
Cutting a piece of frozen tissue for examination under a micriscioe
-
Gastrectomy
Surgical removal of a part or all of the stomach
-
Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach
-
Gastroenterostomy
Surgical anastomosis between the stomach and small bowel
-
Gastrorrhaphy
Suture of an injured stomach wall
-
Gastroscopy
Examination of the stomach with a scope
-
Gauge
A standard of measurement of a slender object
-
General anesthesia
A state of unconsciousness produced by a pharmaceutical agent
-
Germicide
Substance that destroys germs
-
-
Glossectomy
Partial or complete excision of the tongue
-
Granulation
Formation of new tissue
-
Greater curvature
The larger curve of an organ
-
Ground
The earth pole that has zero electrical potential
-
Gynecomastia
Abnormal enlargement of the male bteasts
-
Hematuria
Presence of blood in urine
-
Hemorrage
Abnormal internal or external bleeding
-
Hemorrhoidectomy
Removal of hemorrhoids
-
Hemostasis
Stopping blood flow
-
Hemothorax
Accumulation of blood or fluid in the pleural cavity
-
Hernia
Protrusion of an organ through a defect
-
Herniorrhaphy
Surgical repair of a hernia
-
Hilium
A depression where other structures may enter or exit an organ
-
Homeostasis
State of equilibrium of the body's internal environment
-
Hypertrophy
Abnormal increase in size of an organ
-
Hypodermic
Beneath the skin
-
Hypoxia
Lack of adequate amount of oxygen
-
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus
-
Immune
Not susceptible to a disease
-
Immunization
Process of rendering a patient immune
-
Implant
To insert or graft
-
Incision
A cut made with a blade
-
Incontinence
Inability to retain urine or feces
-
Indwelling
Any catheter that is allowed to remain in place
-
Inert
Causing little or no tissue reaction
-
Infarct
Area of tissue in an organ that undergoes necrosis
-
Infection
Reaction to the presence of microbes and thier toxins
-
Inferior
Farther away from the head
-
Infiltration
Process of substance passing into and being deposited in a cell, tissue or organ
-
Inflammation
Tissue response to an injury
-
Inhalant
Medication administered by inhaling
-
-
Insufflation
Using gas to inflate a cavity
-
Intercostal space
Space between two ribs
-
Internal
On the inside of the body
-
Intradermal
Within the skin
-
Intramuscular
Within a muscle
-
Intraocular
Inside the globe of the eye
-
Intraoperative
During surgery
-
Intravenous
Within a vein
-
Intrinsic eye muscle
Muscles located inside the eyeball
-
Intubation
Insertion of an endotracheal tube
-
Intussusception
Slipping of one part of an intestine into another
-
Invasive
Techniques using equipment placed into a body cavity or vessel
-
Inversion
Moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle joint
-
Involuntary
Independant of will
-
Iris
Colored membrane of the eye
-
Ischemia
Tissue anemia due to obstruction
-
Isotonic
Having same trension or tone
-
Joint
Point of junction between two bones
-
Keloid
Unsightly excessive scar formation
-
Keratin
Protein substance in hair and nails
-
Kink
Deformation of a strand of a suture
-
Labyrinth
Intricate communicating passages of the internal ear
-
Laceration
A wound made by tearing
-
Lacrimal gland
System that secretes tears
-
Lamina
Thin plate of bone
-
Laminectomy
Removal of a vertebral lamina
-
Laparoscopy
Abdominal exploration utilizing a laparoscope
-
Laparotomy
Surgical opening of the abdomen
-
Laryngoscopy
Visual examination of the larynx
-
Lateral
Toward the side of the body
-
Lens
Part of the eye that refracts light rays and focuses them on the retina
-
-
LIgament
A band of fibrous connective tissue connecting bone to bone
-
-
Ligature
Strand of suture material used for tying a structure
-
Lithotomy
Incision into a duct or organ
-
Lobe
A fairly well-defined part of an organ
-
Lobectomy
Surgical removal of a lobe of any organ
-
Local
Limited to one part or place
-
Lumen
The space within a tube
-
Lymph
Tissue fluid that enters the lymphatic capillaries
-
Malignant hyperthermia
Potentially fatal complication of anesthesia
-
Malleable
Capable of being bent or shaped as needed
-
Malunion
Union of fractured bone in a faulty position
-
Mammoplasty
Reconstructive surgery of the breast
-
Marsupialization
Suturing of a cyst wall to permit it to close by granulation
-
Mastectomy
Excision of the breast
-
-
Mastoidectomy
Excision of the mastoid cells
-
Maximum dose
Highest dose that is safe to administer
-
Medial
Closer to the midline of the body
-
Median
A lengthwise plane through the midline that divides the body into right and left halves
-
Medullary cavity
A cavity within the diaphysis containing bone marrow
-
Melanin
The dark pigment that gives color to hair and skin
-
Menenges
The 3 layered membrane that protects the spinal cord and brain
-
Mesentary
A peritoneal fold encircling the small intestine and connecting it to the posterior abdominal wall
-
Metastasis
The process by which cells spread from one part of the body to another
-
Minimum dose
Lowest dose that will be effective
-
-
Muscle spasm
An involuntary abnormal muscular contraction
-
Myelin sheath
Cellular covering of the nerve fiber
-
Myocardial
Cellular covering of a nerve fiber
-
-
Myoma
Benign tumor containing muscle tissue
-
Necrosis
Localized death of tissue
-
Nephrectomy
Removal of a kidney
-
Nephrolithiasis
Kidney stones
-
Nephropexy
Surgical fixation of a kidney
-
Neurolysis
Relieving a nerve from adhesion
-
-
Neuroplasty
Surgery to repair a nerve
-
Neurotomy
Dissection of a nerve
-
Node
A small rounded mass
-
Nonunion
Failure of the ends of a fractured bone to unite
-
Nosocomial infection
Infection acquired in a hospital
-
Occlude
To close, to obstruct
-
Occlusion
The state of being closed
-
Olecranon process
An extension at the proximal end of the ulna
-
Olfactory
Pertaining to smell
-
Oophorectomy
Removal of an ovary
-
OR attire
Scrubs, hat, mask, gloves, shoe covers, goggles
-
Organ
Tissue that performs a particular function
-
Organism
Group of organ systems that make up a whole person, plant, animal or living thing
-
Organ system
Group of organs arranged together to perform a function of the body
-
-
-
Osteoplasty
Plastic surgery of the bones
-
Otitis media
Inflammation of the middle ear
-
Otolith
A stone in the inner ear
-
Otology
The science dealing with ear function and diseases
-
Otosclerosis
The condition of immobility and fixation of the stapes
-
Packing
Gauze sponges and/or strips used to fill a wound
-
Palliative
To alleviate without curing
-
Panhysterectomy
Removal of the uterus
-
Parenteral
Any route other than the alimentary canal
-
Passive drainage
Drainage that provides a path of least resistance
-
Pathogen
A microbe capable of causing disease
-
Perineorrhaphy
Suture of the perineum
-
Perioperative
The period before, during, and after surgery
-
Periosteum
The fibromuscular membrane that covers bone
-
Peripheral
Part away from the center
-
Peristalsis
A wavelike involuntary movement that occurs in hollow tubes of the body, forcing their contents onward
-
Perioneum
The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity
-
Phlebotomy
Surgical opening of a vein
-
Plantar
The sole of the foot
-
Plaque
Patch of atherosclerotic accumulation
-
Pleura
Serous membrane that encloses the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity
-
Pleural spac
Space between the parietal and visceral pleura
-
Pneumonectomy
Removal of the lung
-
Pneumothorax
Accumulation of air in the pleural cavity
-
PNS
Peripheral nervous system; provides input from sensory receptors to the central nervous system
-
Polydactylism
More than the susual number of fingers or toes
-
Polyp
A growth extending into the lumen of a mucous membrane
-
Posterior
The back side of the body
-
Postoperative
After surgery
-
Posture
Alignment of the body
-
Preoperative
Before surgery
-
Pressure equalizing (PE) tubes
Small drainage tubes placed in the tympanic membranes
-
Probe
Instrument for exploring the depth and direction of a wound
-
Process
A projection or outgrowth of a bone
-
Proctoscopy
Examination of the rectum through a scope
-
Prognosis
Prediction of the course and end of a disease
-
Pronation
Turning the hand so he palm faces downward
-
Prone
Lying in a horizontal position with the face down
-
Prophylactic
Measures to prevent infection and disease
-
Prostatectomy
Surgical removal of the prostate gland
-
Proximal
Nearere a point of reference
-
Ptosis
Drooping of an organ or part
-
Pupil
Opening at the center of the iris
-
Pyelotomy
Incision into the renal pelvis
-
Pyloric stenosis
Abnormal narrowing of the pylorus
-
Pylorotomy
Incision into the pylorus to relieve stenosis
-
Pylorus
Lower portion of stomach that opens into the duodenum
-
-
Radiopaque
Impenetrable to x-rays or other forms of radiant energy
-
Ratchets
Interlocking parts between the finger rings of an instrument
-
Rectocele
Herniation of the rectum through the vagina
-
Referred pain
Pain seeming to arise in an area other than its origin
-
Regional anesthesia
Desensitization to pain in a region of the body
-
Resection
Partial excision of a structure and reconstruction of the remaining parts
-
Resident flora
Potentially pathogenic organisms normally present in the body that are not harmful
-
Retina
Innermost layer of the eye
-
Retractor
Instrument used to hold open the edges of a wound
-
Rhinoplasty
Plastic surgery of the nose
-
Rotation
Moving the bone around a central axis
-
Rugae
Folds of mucous membrane seen on the internal surface of the stomach
-
Sagittal Plane
A lengthwise plane parallel to the midline that divides the body
-
Salpingectomy
Surgical removal of a fallopian tube
-
Sclera
Outer layer of the eye
-
Sclerosis
Hardening of an organ or tissue
-
Scoliosis
Abnormal curvature of the vertebral column
-
Sebum
Oil secretions of the sebaceous glands of the skin
-
Self-retaining
Capable of being placed in a fixed position
-
Septic
Pertaining to toxins in an organism
-
Septum
Wal that divides two cavities
-
Serrations
Grooves on the jaws of a surgical instrument
-
Shield
A protective barrier
-
Shunt
To divert; a passage
-
Sigmoidoscopy
Instrumentation for viewing of the sigmoid colon
-
Sphincter
Ring-like muscle that closes a natural orifice
-
Splenectomy
Surgical removal of the spleen
-
Stenosis
Constriction or narrowing of a passage or orifice
-
Sterile
Free of living microbes
-
Sterile field
Area around the operative site
-
Sterilization
Process of destroying all microbes
-
Stimulus
Any agent that produces a response
-
Strabismus
Eye disorder in which optic axes cannot be directed to the same object
-
Stress Incontinence
Inability of the body to control the evacuation of urine during laughing, coughing, sneezing, lifting or sudden movement
-
Stricture
A narrowing of the luming of a tube
-
Strike-through
Contamination of microbial barrier by fluid or puncture
-
Stylet
Wire inserted into a chamber to maintain rigidity
-
Subcutaneous
Introduced beneath the skin
-
Sublingual
Beneath the tongue
-
Suction
Act of drawing up a liquid
-
Superior
Toward the head of the body
-
Supination
Lying flat upon the back; turning the palm anteriorly
-
Supine
Position of lying down on the back
-
Surgical conscience
Inner awareness of maintaining aseptic principles in order to deliver quality patient care
-
Surgical dressing
Sterile materials applied to the incision site
-
Surgical sponge
Sterile absorbent material with radiopaque strips used during surgery
-
Suture
Material used to approximate tissue; line of union of the cranial bones
-
Swage
Location where the suture is attached to the needle
-
Symbiosis
The living together of two organisms of different species
-
Syndactylism
Webbing between adjacent digits
-
Systemic
Affecting the whole body
-
Tablet
Drug compressed into solid form
-
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heartbeat
-
Teamwork
Cooperative work done by several for the efficiency of the whole
-
Tendon
Tough band of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
-
Tenotomy
Incision into a tendon
-
Tetany
Condition of physiological calcium imbalance
-
Thoracoplasty
A plastic operation on the thorax
-
Thoracotomy
Surgical incision into the chest wall
-
Thrombus
A blood clot that blocks a blood vessel or heart cavity
-
Thyroidectomy
Excision of the thyroid gland
-
Tie
Strand of suture material used for tying a structure
-
Tinnitis
Ringing in the ear
-
Tissue
Group of similar cells arranged together
-
Toxic dose
Poisonous dose
-
Tracheostomy
Making a surgical wound in the trachea to permit insertion of an airway
-
Traction suture
Suture strand used for retraction
-
Transfusion
The injection of blood into the bloodstream
-
Transient flora
Microorganisms present on the epidermis
-
Transverse plane
A crosswise plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts
-
Trephination
Cutting out a circulr piece of bone
-
Trigone
A triangular area at the base of the bladder
-
Tube
A long, hollow structure
-
Tumor
Growth of tissue forming an abnormal mass
-
Turbinate
One of the 3 scroll-like bones within the nasal cavity
-
-
Universal Precautions
Recommended guidelines to prevent transmission of pathogens
-
Vaginal vault
Dome or upper part of the vagina
-
Varicose veins
Swollen, distended and knotted veins
-
Vasectomy
Removal of all or a segment of the vas deferens
-
Vasoconstriction
Narrowing of a blood vessel
-
Vasodilation
Widening of a blood vessel
-
Vasovasotomy
Rejoining of the vas deferens
-
Ventricle
One of the cavities of the brain
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Vertigo
Sensation of having objects moving around, causing difficulty in maintaining equilibrium
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Vesicle
A small sac containing fluid
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Vial
Small glass bottle containing medication
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Viscera
Internal organs enclosed within a cavity
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Vitreous humor
Clear jelly-like fluid in the posterior cavity of the eye
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Voluntary
Controlled by will
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Volvulus
A twisting of the bowel upon itself causing obstruction
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