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Respiratory System

  1. What is the function of the respiration system?
    Exteranl/ Internal gas exchange and acid base balance
  2. What is external gas exchange?
    gas exchange between the atmosphere and blood
  3. What is internal gas exchange?
    gas exchange between blood and tissues
  4. Describe the passageway that the air travels through. (Start with nose.)
    • 1. Nose
    • 2. Pharynx
    • 3. Larynx (epiglottis)
    • 4. Treachea
    • 5. Bronchi
    • 6. Bronchioles
    • 7. Alveolar ducts
    • 8. Aveoli
    • 9. Lungs
  5. How many lobes are on the Lfets side of the lungs?
    2
  6. How many lobes are in the right side of the lungs?
    3
  7. What lowers the surface tension in the aveoli?
    surfactant
  8. The aveoli is surround by what cells?
    They are surrounded by capplilaries of a single cell thickness
  9. What are the 3 layers that surround and protect the lungs?
    Parietal viscera
  10. How do gases move in the lungs? What equation can we use to describe this?
    by bulk flow

    Image Upload 2
  11. What is the pressure in the pleural space during inspiration and expiration?
    • between -6 mm Hg (inspiration)
    • and -3 mm Hg (expiration)
  12. What is the pressure in the alveoli in inspiration and expiration?
    • - 3 mm Hg Inhilation
    • + 3 mm Hg Expiration
  13. What is happening when your diaphragm and external intercostals contract?
    Inspiration
  14. In normal expiration what is happening?
    Muscles relax.
  15. In forced expiration what happens?
    abdominal muscles and internal intercostals contract
  16. What kind of process is expiration?
    a passive process
  17. What is the formula for resistance?
    Image Upload 4
  18. In the respiration system what are constant in the resistance formula?
    Length and viscosity
  19. what can change the resitance?
    changes in bronchioles
  20. What does the SNS do to the broncioles?
    dialates them
  21. What does the PS do to the bronchioles?
    constricts them.
  22. If there is an increase in CO2 what happens to the bronchioles?
    The bronchioles dialate
  23. Why does O2 dialate arterioles?
    to match ventialtion
  24. True or False.
    Thepulmonary circuit has a low pressure.
    true
  25. What removes fluid from the lungs?
    capillaries
  26. To keep fluid out of the aveoli the __________ pressure has to be greater than the __________ pressure.
    • net osmotic pressure
    • hydrostatic pressure
  27. If there was a greater hydrostatic pressure in the aveoli than an osmotic pressure where is the fluid going?
    in the aveloi. (not good)
  28. Define respirometry.
    volumes measure with respirometer
  29. What is Residual Volume (RV) ?
    it is the air left after expiration
  30. How do you find the Inspiratory Capacity (IC)?
    • TV + IRV
    • Tidal volume and Inspiratory Reserve Volume
  31. How do you find the Vital Capacity (VC)?
    the sum of IRV + IV + ERV
  32. How do you find the Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)?
    ERV (expiratory reserve volume) + RV (Residual Volume)
  33. WHat is the total Lung Capacity (TLC)?
    VC + RV
  34. How do you find the minute volume?
    Respiratoy Rate (RR) x dead space (TV)
  35. What is dead space in refrence to?
    The air that never gets into the aveoli
  36. How can you measure the Alveolar Ventilation?
    Multiply the dead space (TV) by the respiratoy rate (RR)
  37. How much energy is required for breathing?
    There's a minimal amount due to low resistance.
  38. What is surfactant?
    it lowers the surface tension of aveoli
  39. How is gas exchanged in the lungs?
    through diffusion
  40. What are gas concentrations measured in?
    Partial Pressures due to gas laws
  41. Decreased pressures at altitude equals a _________ in partial pressures (PP)
    decrease
Author
cheerios258
ID
152782
Card Set
Respiratory System
Description
Physio info
Updated

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