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What are sponges?
- Invertebrates
- filter feeders (they filter food out of the water as it passes through their bodies)
- adults are sessile (don't move)
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What are sponges made of?
Sponges are made of spongin (tough and elastic) and spicules (sharp, glasslike, used for support)
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How do sponges reproduce?
Both sexually (sperm and egg cells combine) and asexually (budding)
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What are cnidarians?
They have tentacles that surround their mouths, shoot out stining cells (nematocysts)
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What are some examples of cnidarians?
Jellyfish, hydra, anemone, and coral
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What are two kinds of cnidarian body forms?
- polyp-sessile (can somersault)
- medusa-free swimming (floats)
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Explain cnidarian reproduction.
- Polyps reproduce asexually (budding)
- Medusas reproduce sexually (sperm+egg)
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What are flatworms (Plathelminthes)?
- Simplest worm
- long flattened bodies
- 3 layers of tissues organized into organ systems
- Can move to search for food
- most are parasites (ex. tapeworm. fluke)
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What are roundworms (Nematods)?
- the most widespread animal on Earth
- body is a tube within a tube
- digestive tract has two openings (food enters mouth, waste exits via anus)
- can be decomposers, predators, or parasites
- Example- heartworm
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What are Segmented Worms (annelids)?
- Body = repeating segments or rings
- contain nerve cells, blood vessels. digestive tract, and coelom (internal body space)
- closed circulatory system (blood is carried through blood vessels)
- complete digestive system with 2 body openings
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What are some examples of segmented worms?
Earthworms, leeches, marine worms
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What is setae?
Bristles that help segmented worms move
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