Patho & Pharmo wk 6 Neoplasms

Localised encapsulated neoplasm that is generally well differentiated and does not spread

A malignant neoplasm

Poorly differentiated. Non capsulated neoplasm. It can spread locally or metataise

Spread of neoplasticism cells via blood or lymphatic to distant sites

• Surgery
• Radiotherapy
• Drug Therapy

• This treatment is most commonly used in solid tumours.
• Surgery will remove the primary tumour and some secondaries (lymph-nodes)

Yes

If the cancer is disseminated

• Cytotoxic
• Hormones and Hormone Antagonists
• Biological Response Modifiers
• Targeted drugs

Kill the cells directly

• Cell proliferation and chemotherapy
• Limitations to successful chemotherapy
• Strategies for improving the impact of chemotherapy
• Common chemotherapeutic toxicities
• Fututre directions

Because they disrupt the DNA synthesis or mitosis

• Dosgage rate as Cytotoxic agents are Non-selective.
• Early detection of cancer is difficult until it has spread from point of origin.
• It is impossible to kill all cancer cells as every malignant cell must be killed to achieve a cure. Due to the damage to the hosts immune system this compromises the individual.
• Size of the tumour, if used in conjunction with surgery the responsiveness is increased. Also the vascular supply plays an important part.
• Drug resistance as the cancer cells difer due to ongoing mutation.

Normal cells recover quicker than cancer cells so therefore the destruction of the cancer without killing the host.

• Bone Marrow Suppression -Reduced RBC - Anaemia
• Reduced Platelets - Thrombocytopenia. Reduced Neutrophils - Neitropenia
• G.I.T. Injury - Stomatitis. Nausea & Vomiting.
• Alopecia.
• Reproductive toxicity
• Carcinogenesis