BIO 205 Final Female Reproductive System

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Stages of Oogenesis
What are the External Female Genitalias
- Labia Majora
- Labia Minora
- Clitoris
Female Reproductive System Organs
- Ovary
- Fallopian tube (Ovaduct)
- Fimbriae
- Uterus
- Vagina
Ovarian Cycle: Pre-Ovulation
- Mature follicle
- FSH - secrete estrogen
- FSH increase stimulation in the follicles --> Follicle cells secrete more estrogen
Ovarian Follicle
- Middle has Oocyte
- Antrum - surrounds oocyte (fluid)
- Follicular Cell (Corona Radiata) - all around oocyte
- Zona Pellicuda - Pale area between an oocyte and follicular cells, is where there is elasticity with protein to protect the oocyte. Protective layer around oocyte.
Ovarian cycle: Post-Ovulation
- Corpus Luteum - will project progesterone (yellow)
- Progesterone - steroid
Summary of Ovarian Cycle
- Follicular Phase
- Ovulation (Day 14)
- Luteal Phase
Uterine Cycle
- Days 1-5: Menstruation
- Days 6-14: Proliferate Phase (estrogen)
- Days 15-28: Secretory Phase (progesterone)
Hormone Regulation of Female
- 1. Hypothalamus secretes GnRH
- 2. GnRH makes anterior pituitary secrete FSH and LH
- -LH --> relates to Corpus Luteum
- 3. In ovary, FSH and LH promote follicle growth and oocyte maturation; estrogen production by follicle cells make endomentrium thicken
- 4. rising estrogen level stimulates LH surge
- 5. Midcycle LH surge triggers ovulation then corpus luteum formation
- 6. Progesterone and estrogen secreted by corpus luteum will maintain endomentrium if pregnancy occurs --> gives negative feedback to LH and FSH which prevent further follicle development and prevents having periods
- 7. Blood levels rise of both progesterone and estrogen inhibit both FSH and LH secretion
Menopause
- Between ages 45-55
- Perimenopause
- 2-5 year range before menopause
- Periods become heavier
- Happens long before irregular periods (1 year or so)
Zygote Formation

Sperm + Egg = Zygote
Fertilization
- Secondary Oocyte
- 2 polar bodies
- Male and female pronuclei
- Fertilized Oocyte
- 2 cell embryo
- Zona pellucida still present
- Some corona radiate attached
- Oocyte goes through peristalsis and cilia (takes 3 days to get through)
Fertilization Process
- Sperm penetrate corona radiata
- Acrosome release enzymes
- Sperm penetrates zona pellucida
- Sperm and oocyte membranes fuse
- Sperm nucleus enters oocyte cytoplasm
- Meiosis 2 finishes
Pregnancy

Development starts while still in fallopian tube
Mammary Gland
- Nipple
- Arreola
Lactation
- Oxytocin - milk let down
- Prolactin - makes milk

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ralejo

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BIO 205 Final Female Reproductive System

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rawr....finals

Updated

2012-05-06T22:15:25Z

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