A Level Transmission Mechanisms

Growth > Rising income per capita > greater spending into the economy > AD for goods and services increase > more man power needed so lower unemployment

Growth > increases in wages/bonuses > Greater spending into the economy > increase in AD > Price level increases > demand pull inflation

Growth > Increase in wages/bonuses > UK people have high marginal propensity to import > rise in import and assume exports unchanged > worsening of the current account deficit

Growth > Wages for low/middle class earners will usually increase but at a slower rate > probably worse off after adjustment for inflation, student loan repayments, income tax and NICs (National Insurance Contributions) > rich people may be subjected to higher income tax but there are other non-income gains that are taxed at much lower rate e.g. capital gain and share dividends > widening income inequality

Growth > Increase in wages > greater AD for goods and services > more lands cleared to give way for residential homes, business parks and factories/more cars on the road > deforestation and rise in global warming

Low unemployment > more spending in the economy > AD for goods and services will increase > Higher real output > growth

Low joblessness > greater spending into the economy > AD shifts right > Price level increases > Demand pull inflation

Low joblessness > Unemployed people now have income to spend > UK people have high marginal propensity to import > Rise in imports and assuming exports unchanged > Current account deficit widens

Fewer jobless people > greater spending into the economy > more lands to be cleared to construct houses, leisure areas and factories/more cars and busses on the roads > deforestation and emission of CO2

Fewer unemployed people > Jobless people now have income and assume that their income is more than their previous benefits and UK government implements progressive taxation > narrowing the gap between the rich and poor.

Supposed that the inflation creeps beyond the targeted level of CPI 2% > Bank of England may consider an increase in base rate > borrowing cost will increase > lower consumption and investment > fall in AD > Lower growth.

Increase in inflation > falling real income > limiting spending ability of households > AD for goods and services will fall > fewer workers needed

Increase in production costs > Less competitive pricing > export prices increase and assuming import prices unchanged > fall in demand for British manufactured goods > widening current account defecit

Rise in price level > Income stay same/increases slower than the rate of inflation > real income falls > consumers/households are priced out > every pound purchases lesser goods and services.

Increase in price level > Falling real income > limiting the ability of households to spend elsewhere > fall in AD for goods and services > factorise operate shorter hours and economic activities come to a slowdown > less severe congestion, deforestation and flights > improve conditions of the environment.