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Anticodon
the triplet of bases on the transfer RNA
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Codon
the triplet of bases on the messenger RNA
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DNA
an enormous molecule made of repeating units called nucleotides. In the nucleus, DNA is always a double molecule. Each DNA has a backbone of phosphate and sugar molecules with projecting nitrogen bases.
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Nitrogen Bases
a basic part of DNA and RNA. there are four nitrogen bases present in DNA: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. The same four are in RNA with thymine being substituted by uracil.
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Nucleotide
the basic unit of the nucleic acid molecule composed of a phosphate group, a five carbon sugar and a nitrogen base.
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Protein
a large molecule made up of hundreds of aminoacids.
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RNA
a molecule made of nucleotides. There are three classes of RNA: Messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
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The Central Dogma
DNA produces RNA which produces protein.
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Transcription
the formation of mRNA from a strand of DNA in the nucleus.
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Translation
the formation of protein at the ribosomes using the information on mRNA and amino acids attached to tRNA.
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