Ap gov chapter 3.txt

• author "Me"
• tags "Federalism"
• description ""
• fileName "Ap gov chapter 3"
• Federalism
• A way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal authority over the same land and people. It is a system of shared power between units of government.

A way of organizing a nation so that all power resides in the central government. Most national governments today are unitary government.

The working of the federal system - the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local government

• Article VI of the Constitution, which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws when the national government is acting within its
• National constitution limits.

The constitutional amendment stating, "the powers not delegated to the United states by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.

An 1819 Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of the national government over state governments. In deciding this case, Chief Justice John Marshall and his colleagues held that Congress had certain implied powers in addition to the enumerated powers found in the constitution.

Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the constitution; for Congress, these powers are listed in Article I, Section 8, and include the power to coin money, regulate it's value, and impose taxes.

Powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution. The Congress has the power to "make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution" the enumerated powers.

The final paragraph of Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution to pass all laws "necessary" and proper" to carry out the enumerated powers

(think GO as in interstate trade) 1824 A landmark case in which the Supreme Court interpreted the elastic clause broadly, giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity.

A clause in Article IV, Section 1, of the constitution requiring each state to recognize the official documents and civil judgements rendered by the courts of other states.

A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed.

A clause in Article IV, Section 2, of the Constitution according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens of other states.

A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.

A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. They may also share costs, administration, and even blame for programs that work poorly

The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national governments relations with the state and local governments.

Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or "categories", of state and local spending. They come with strings attached, such as nondiscrimination provisions.

Federal categorical grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of the applications.

Federal categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations.

Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services. States have freedom to use money as they see fit