These structures filter lymph fluid that is carried in the lymphatic vessels:
E. lymph nodes
Which of the following cells does not have phagocytic capability?
E. basophils
Receiving gamma globulin as a treatment for rabies would be considered:
B. an example of artificial passive immunity
In most cases, when an infection occurs, the accompanying fever is harmful and should be treated with aspirin or ibuprofen immediately.
True or False
False
The HIV virus survives poorly outside the human body.
True or False
True
Lymphatic vessels transport dietary lipids, tissue fluids, plasma proteins, and lymphocytes.
True or False
True
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
B. Lymphatic capillaries fill when tissue fluid pressure is low.
Lymphatic vessels have valves.
True or False
True
Which of the following structures is enclosed within a fibrous capsule?
D. lymph node
Which of the following is not a function of the spleen?
D. development site for T lymphocytes
Which of the following inhibitors of microbial growth is a component of the perspiration on our skin?
C. lactic acid
Which type of white blood cell secretes the anticoagulant heparin?
B. basophil
The four major signs of an inflammation include all of the following except
D. odor.
Histamine, bradykinin, and leukotrienes stimulate vasodilation and increased blood flow.
True or False
True
Which of the following terms means to coat bacteria, making them easier to phagocytize by macrophages and neutrophils?
A. Opsonization
If you have an immunological memory of a disease, a second exposure to the same pathogen will cause no noticeable illness.
True or False
True
There are five classes of antibodies. Which one can cross the placenta to provide immunological protection for the newborn?
B. IgG
A virgin lymphocyte pool is a clone of B cells that have not yet been exposed to the antigens that they are "programmed" to recognize.
True or False
False
After B cells mature and produce immunocompetent clones, they colonize all of the organs of the lymphatic system: the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and mucous membranes.
True or False
True
B cells that have taken in a large antigen must be stimulated by a helper T cell before they can react to that antigen.
True or False
True
Antibodies do not destroy antigens directly.
True or False
True
Helper T cells are also known as CD8 or T8 cells.
True or False
False
Cytotoxic T cells directly attack and kill all of the following except
C. bacteria.
An injection of gamma globulin is an example of which of the following classes of immunity?
D. artificial passive immunity
The human immunodeficiency virus can be transmitted from person to person by all of the following means except
B. by donating blood at the Red Cross.
Outside the body, HIV is easily destroyed by disinfectants such as bleach, Lysol, and rubbing alcohol.
True or False
True
Lymph flows primarily because of this force:
E. contractions of the vessels
All of the following are functions of the spleen except:
A. blood reservoir
B. wrecking yard for old red blood cells
C. produces blood cells in the fetus
D. produces bile
E. removes bacteria from blood
??
This type of leukocyte produces enzymes that will create hydrogen peroxide to kill bacteria:
D. Neutrophils
This type of macrophagelines the sinusoids of the liver:
E. hepatic macrophages
Which of the following increases vasodilation?
C. Histamine
When a white blood cell manages to ooze through the gap between two endothelial cells on its way to
attack an invader, we say it has exhibited:
B. diapedesis
Interferons have this function:
A. stimulate neighboring cells to produce antiviral proteins
If you were inoculated with hepatitis A vaccine, a population of this type of cell would begin to make the appropriate antibody:
B. B lymphocytes
These cells recognize non-self antigens and produce lymphokines to stimulate the cells that actually make the antibodies:
E. helper T
HIV attaches to the CD-4 membrane protein of these cells:
D. helper T
The walls of lymphatic vessels are similar to those of cardiovascular .
B. veins
Lymphatic capillaries are able to receive cellular debris and foreign particles because
C. of the structure of their flaplike valves
Which of these is not a function of lymph nodes?
B. producered blood cells
What is the role of the thymus in protecting the body against disease?
D. It is the site of maturation of T lymphocytes and the production of thymosin.
Select the statement that is true about the spleen.
D. The spleen filters the blood much the same way the lymph nodes filter the lymph.
Which of these is not a nonspecific defense against disease.
C. hair color and texture
Where are B lymphocytes believed to mature in adult humans?
B. bone marrow
Why do tissues swell during inflammation?
D. Tissues swell during inflammation only because of pus accumulation.
C. Tissues swell during inflammation because the increased permeability of capillaries causes fluids to accumulate in the area.
What traits characterize antigens?
A. Antigens may be proteins, polysaccharides,
glycolipids, or glycoproteins that stimulate an immune response.
B. Antigens come only from foreign microorganisms.
C. Antigens are immunoglobulins the body produces in response to exposure to foreign organisms.
D. Antigens are proteins that stimulate an immune response.
A. Antigens may be proteins, polysaccharides,glycolipids, or glycoproteins that stimulate an immune response.
How are B cells activated?
attach to their surfaces and macrophages release cytokines
B. A B cell is activated when it encounters an antigen that matches its B cell receptors and receives cytokines from helper T cells.
Antibodies interact with antigens in all of these ways except
B. releasing interferon
Vaccines generally confer what type of immunity?
D. artificially acquired active immunity
Which of these would not be found in lymph fluid?
B. erythrocytes
Which of these does not belong with the others?
D. Thymus
Where would Peyer's patches be found?
D. small intestine
Which lymph nodes could not be palpated with the fingers?
D. mesenteric
Which lymphatic area is larger in a child than an adult?
