Which of the following is released from the posterior pituitary gland?
B. antidiuretic hormone
Pituitary hypersecretion in adulthood will result in this disease:
B. acromegaly
Glucocorticoids are
secreted by the adrenal medulla under the influence of ACTH
True or False
False
The heart secretes a
hormone.
True or False
True
Steroid hormones bind to
plasma membrane receptors and act through second messenger systems.
True or False
False
Cells that have a receptor
for a specific hormone are called target cells.
True or False
True
Compared to the nervous system, which of the following is not characteristic of the endocrine system?
B. communicates with electrical signals
The pituitary gland is also called the hypothalamus.
True or False
False
The hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract is composed of axons of hypothalamic neurons that end in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
True or False
False
Driving in congested traffic may cause release of which of these pituitary hormones?
D. ACTH
Which of the following pituitary hormones stimulates the testes to secrete testosterone?
B. LH
Which gland is associated with serotonin and melatonin production?
D. Pineal
Which gland secretes calcitonin and a hormone that stimulates ATP production?
D. thyroid gland
Hyperparathyroidism causes which of the following?
A. bone resorption and renal calculi
B. decr blood calcium and muscle tetany
C. exophthalmos
D. endemic goiter
Corticosteroids are produced in the adrenal medulla.
True or False
False
Estradiol is produced by which of the following?
B. granulosa cells of the ovary
Which of the following organs have hormone-secreting cells?
D. all of the above
Hydrophilic hormones require a transport protein to travel in blood.
True or False
False
Target cells can change the number of receptors for a hormone.
True or False
True
The stress response includes all of the following except the
D. delay stage.
Chemical messengers that
don't travel in blood but simply diffuse into and affect nearby cells are called ________ secretions.
A. paracrine
This hormone, synthesized in the hypothalamus but stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, is produced when osmodetectors sense a rise in blood osmolarity:
D. antidiuretic hormone
A lack of antidiuretichormone will lead to:
C. diabetes insipidus
Too little iodine intake will lead to:
B. endemic goiter
Which of the following hormones will cause a fall in blood glucose concentrations?
D. insulin
Which is true of type I diabetes mellitus?
E. due to an autoimmune response
This hormone raises blood calcium levels:
D. parathyroid hormone
Aspirin will specifically block the synthesis of this type of local hormone:
D. Prostaglandin
Choose the statement about steroid hormones that is incorrect.
C. Steroids employ first and second messengers that amplify the cellular response.
Prostaglandins are substances that regulate neighboring cells.
A. paracrine
Cyclic AMP functions asa(n) for hormones.
C. second messenger; nonsteroid
Where are the posterior pituitary hormones manufactured?
D. in neurosecretory cells that originate in the hypothalamus
There are several types of cells in the anterior pituitary. Which ones secrete growth hormone?
D. somatotropes
Drinking alcoholic
beverages on hot days is not safe because alcohol inhibits the release of which normally helps to conserve water during dehydration.
D. antidiuretic hormone
The hormone , which is secreted by the adrenal , causes the kidney to conserve sodium and excrete potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure.
medulla
A. aldosterone; cortex
Sex hormones are secreted by .
B. the inner cortex of the adrenal gland and the gonads
In the pancreas, cells secrete insulin, which blood levels of glucose.
A. beta; lowers
The endocrine gland responsible for the body's circadian rhythm is the gland.
B. pineal
Which of these is not an endocrine property?
A. rapid acting effects
Which of these does not belong with the others?
D. steroid
In the "second messenger" theory, which is the first messenger?
D. hormone
Which of these hormones is made by the posterior pituitary?
A. ADH
Which hormone directly affects blood pressure?
D. ADH
The hormone causes the contractions of labor.
C. oxytocin
Which hormone has the greatest influence on the ability to secrete milk?
B. prolactin
List three metabolic processes that are regulated by hormones.
Fluid and ion concentration
Controlling chemical reactions
Substrate transport
What is the mode of action by which a steroid hormone affects its target cell function?
Binding with transcription protein to trigger a gene response
Nonsteroid hormones require a in the cell membrane which initiates a reaction that is mediated through a .
1. Receptor protein
2. Cascade
3. Second messenger
Hormone secretion is controlled ******** largely by systems.
Negative feedback systems
What are the three main results of glucocorticoid secretion?