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What are pale areas of in neuronal cytoplasm from dispersion of Nissle Substance (rER)?
Chromatolysis
Destruction of axon and myelin sheath d/t trauma or toxic injury=
Wallerian degeneration
Accumulation of glial cells around damaged neurons=
Satellitosis
Softening/liquefaction of nervous tissue d/t necrosis of neurons and glial cells=
Malacia
What is the total absence of the entire brain?
Ancephaly
Failure of telencephalic cavity separation + Failure to close rostral neural tube (severe cases with central proboscis and cyclopia)?
Cerebral aplasia (prosencephalic hypoplasia)
Cerebral Aplasia is commone in: 2
Pigs
Lambs
Protrusion of fluid filled meninges (often associated with treatment of griseofulvin in the queen)?
Meningocele
Meningoceles are most commonly seen in: 2
Pigs
Burmese cats
What disorder, causes the brain surface to be smooth except for slight grooves in which the meningeal vessels are situated?
Lissencephaly
Lissencephaly is commonly in seen in:
Lhasa Apso dog
In what animals does hydraencephaly =>absence of the cerebral hemispheres and no ependymal lining? 2
Calves - cerebellar hypoplasia
Lambs - ewes Vx during pregnancy for bluetongue
What are the different types of hydrocephalus (common in brachycephalic breeds and aged animals)? 3
Internal - fluid in ventricles
External - fluid in sub-arachnoid space
Communicating - fluid in ventricles and sub-arachnoid space
What congenital disorder develops as a consequence of a periductal gliosis of the aqueduct of sylvius?
Congenital hydracephalus
What develops as a consequence of obstructed flow due to an accumulation of exudates (there is no malformation of cranium)?
Acquired Hydracephalus
Acquired hydracephalus can develop as a sequelae to what diseases? 5
Bacterial meningitis
Granulomatous meningitis
Intracranial neoplasms
Parasitic cysts
Cholesteatoma in horses
Cysts in white matter of cerebal hemisphere=
Porencephaly
In what animals do you see Porencepahly (cysts in white matter of the cerebral hemisphere)? 3
Lambs - Border disease
Calves - Infected in utero with BVDV
Lambs - copper deficiency
In what animals is cerebellar hypoplasia most commonly observed? 3
Cats
Dogs
Calves
Tubular Caviation of the spinal cord=
Syrinx
What is a tubular cavitation (syrinx) of the spinal cord which extends over several segments, common in weimaraner breed (normal posture is crouched)?
Syringomyelia (lesions not observed until 8th month of age)
What is a simple dilation of the central canal of the spinal cord?
Hydromyelia
What is absence of the dorsal portions of the vertebrae?
Spina Bifida
Spina Bifida is commonly seen in: 2
Brachycephalic Breeds
Manx Cats
What is the result of failure of dehiscence of the neural crest from the surface ectoderm?
Spina Bifida with meningomyelocele
In what diseases do you see intracytoplasmic neuronal vacuolization? 4
Scrapie
BSE
Solanum spp. poisoning
Aspergillus clavatus mycotoxicosis
What is primary demyelination? Secondary?
Primary - disorder of myelin supporting cells (oligodendroglia and schwann cells)
Secondary - Wallerian degeneration
What are the earliest lesions seen in Abiotrophy (premature programmed neuronal cell loss)?
Degeneration and loss of purkinje cells
Where can prion disease be detected in animals? 4
OBIX/Brain stem (cow)
Third eyelid of live sheep
Tonsils or retropharyngeal lymph nodes of deer with CWD
What is bovine spongiform encephalopathy attributed to?
Consumption of rendered products from carcasses of scrapie-infected sheep or from cattle with previously unidentified TSE
What genetic disorder involves partially disassembled compounds accumulating within the lysosomes => neuronal and glial cell necrosis?
Lysosomal storage disease
Deficiency of the catabolic enzyme galactocerbroside-B-galactosidase and PAS-positive globoid type MO's are characteristic of?
Globoid cell leukodystrophy
Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy is common in: 2
Dogs
Cats
What => foamy appearance of necrotic neuronal tissue?
Swollen microglia (phagocytosed debris and lipids)
What is leukomalacia?
Poliomalacia?
Encephalomalacia?
Myelomalacia?
Encephalomyelomalacia?
Leukomalacia - white matter
Poliomalacia - grey matter
Encephalomalacia - whole brain
Myelomalacia - spinal cord
Encephalomyelomalacia - brain and spinal cord
When is focal malacia usually seen?
Specific toxin or nutritional deficiency
Author
HLW
ID
151604
Card Set
Path VI
Description
Path VI
Updated
2012-05-03T21:07:34Z
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