Anatomy and Physiology Final Exam Ch 10-15

The intergrative funtions of the nervous system are performed mainly by

the highest density of valtage-gated ion channels is found on the

the soma of a mature neuron lacks

the glial cells that fight infections i sthe CNS are

posttetanic potentiation of a synapse inreases the amount of in the synaptic knob

An IPSP is of the postsynaptic neuron

Saltatory conduction occur only

some neurotransmitters can have either excitatory or inhibitory effects depending on the type of

differences in the volume of a sounds are likely to be encoded by differences in in nerve fibers from the inner ear

motor effects that depends on repetitive output from a neural pool are mos t likely to use

Neurons that convery info to the CNS ar called sensory or neurons

To perform their role, neurons must have the properties of excitablility secretion and

the is a period of tijme in which a neuron is producing an action potential and cannot respond to another stimulus of any strength

Neurons receive incoming signals by way of specialized extensions of the cell called

In th CNS myelin is produced by glial cells called

a myelinated nerve fiber can produce action potentials only in specialized regions called

the trigger zone or a neuron consists of its and

the neurotransmitter secreted at an adrenergic synapse is

A presynaptic nerve fiber cannot cause other neurons in its to fire, but it can make them more sensitive to stimulation from other presynaptic fibers

are substances released along with a neurotransmitter that modify the neurotrasmitter's effet

to make a muscle contract more strongly, the nervous system can activate more motor units. This process is called

the funtional unit of a muscle fiber is the , a segement from one Z disc to the next

Before a muscle fiber can contract, ATP must bind to

before a muscle fiber can contract, Calcium must bind to

which of the following muscle proteins is not intercelluar

smooth muscle cells have whereas skeletal muscle fibers do not

ACh receptors are found maianlay in

single unit smooth muscle cells can stimulate each other because they have

a person with a hgh VO2 max

slow oxidative fibers have all of the following except

the minimum stimulus intersity that will make a muscle contract is called

a state of prolongs maximum contraction is called

parts of the sacroplasmic reticulum called lie on each side of a T tubule

thick myofilaments consist consist mainly of th eprotein

the neurotrasmitter that stimulates skeletal musckle is

muscle contains an oxygen binding pigment calleed

the of skeletal muscle play the same role as sense bodies in smooth muslce

in autonomic nerve bifers that stimulate single unit smooth muscle, the neurotransmitter is contained in swellings called

a state of continual partial muscle contraction is called

is an end product of anaerobic fermentation that causes mucle fatifue

which of the following muscles is the prime mover in spitting out a mouthful of liquid

each muscle fiber has a sleeve of areolar connective tissue around it called

which of these is not a suprhyoid musle

which of these muscles is an extensor of the neck

which of these muscles of the pelvic floor is the deepest

which of thee actions is not performed by the trapezius

both the nads and feet are cted upon by a muscle or muscles called

which of the following muscles does not extend the hip joint

both the gastocnemius and muscles insert on the hell byway of the calcaneal tendon

which of the following muscles raises the upper lip

the of a muscle is the point where it attaches to a relatively stateionary bone

a bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium is called a/an

The is the muscle that generates the most force in a give joint movement

The three large muscles on the posterior side of the thigh are comony known as the muscles

connectivef tissue bands called prevent flexor tendons of the forearm and leg from rising like bowstrings

the anterior half of the perineum is a region called the

the abdominal aponeuroses conbberge on a media firborus band of the abdomen called the

a muscle that works with another to produce the same or similar movement is called a/amn

a muscle somewhat like a feather with fibers obliquely apprroaching its tendon from both sides is called a/an

a circular muscle that closes a body openng is called a/an

below 1.2, the vertebral canal is occupied by a bundle of spinal nerve roots called

the brachial plexus gives rise to all of the following nerves except

nerve fibers that adjust the tension in a muscle spindle are called

a stretch reflec requires the action of to prevent an antagonistic myuscle from interferng with the agonist

a patient has a gunshot wound taht caused a bone gragment to nick the spinal cord. the patient now feels no pain or temperature sensations from that level of the body down. most likely the was damaged

which of these is not a region of the spinal cord

in the spinal cord the somas of the lower motor neurons are found in the

the outermost connective tissue wrapping of a nerve is called the

the intercostal nerves between the rib arise from whcih spinal nerrve plexus

all somatic reflexes share all of the following preoperties except

outside the CNS the somas of neurons are clustered in swellings called

distal to the intervertebral foramen, a spinal nerve branches into an anterior and posterior

the cerbellum receives feedback from the muscles and joints by way of the tracts of the spinal cord

in the reflex contraction of flexor muscles in one limb is accompanied by the contraction of extensor myscles in the contralaterl limb

modified muscle fibers servng primarily to detect stretch are called

the nerves arise from the cervical plexus and innervate the diaphragm

the crossing of a nerve fiber or tract from the ride side of the CNS to the left or vice versa is called

the nonvisual awareness of the body's position and movements is called

the ganglion contains the somas of neurons that carry sensory signals to the spinal cord

the sciatic nerve is a composite of two nerves, the and

which of these is caudal to the hypothalamus

if th telencephalon was removed fom a 5 week embryo which of th efollowinng sturcutes would fail to develop in the fetus

blood CSF barrier is formed by

the pyramids of the medulla oblongata contain

while studying in a noisy caftertia you get sleepy and doze off for a few minutes. you awaken with a start and realize that all the cafeteria sounds have just come back. while you dozing this auditory input was blocked from reaching your auditory cotex by

which of the following does not receive any imput from the eyes

because of a bran lesion, a certain patient never feels full, but eats so excessively that she now weighs nearly 600 lbs the lesion is most likely in her

the is most closely associated with the cerebelum in embryonic development and reamins its primary source of input fibers thourghout life

dameage to the nerve could result in defecs of eye movement

all of the following except the nerve begins or end in the orbit

the right and left cerbral hemispheres are connected to each othe rby a thick Cshaped bundle of fibers called the

the brain has four chambers called filled with fluid

on a sagittal plane, the cerebellar white matter exhibits a branching pattern called the

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles can cuse a condition called

cerobrospinal fluid is secreted partly by a mass of blood capillaries called the in each bentricle

the primary motor area of the cerbrum is the gyrus of the frontl lobe

a lesion in which lobe of the cerebrum is most likely to cause a radical alteration of the personality

areas of cerebral conrtex that identify or interpret sensory info are called

linear analytical and verbal thinking occurs in the hemisphere of the cerebrum which is on the left in most people

the motor pattern for speech is gereated in an area or cortex called the and then trasmitted to the primary motor cortex to be carried out

the autonomic nervous system innervates all of these except

muscarinin recptorss bind

all of the following crnial nerves except the carry parasympathetic fibers

which of the following cranial nerves carries sympathetic fibers

which of these ganglia is not involved in the sympathetic division

epinephrine is secreted by

the most sidnificant autonomic control center within the CNS is

the gray communiction ramus contains

throught the auntonomic nervous system the neurotransmitter released by the preganglionic feber binds to receptors on the postganglionic neuron

which of these does not result from sympathetic stimulation

certain nerve fibers are called fibers because they secrete norepinephrine

is a state in which a target organ receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

is a state of continual back ground activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

most parasympathetic pregnanglionic fibers are found in the nerve

the digestive tract has a semiindependent nervous system called the nervous system

MAO an COMT are enzymes that braek down at certain ANS synapses

the adrenal medualla consists of modified postganglionic neurons of the nervous system

adrenergic receptors classified as (greek letters) act by changing the level of in the target cell

the sympathetic nervous systemhas short and long nerve fibers

sympathetic fibers to blood vessels maintain a state of partial vasoconstriction called