-
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has 14 chromosomes will produce two
daughter cells each containing...
14 CHROMOSOMES
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When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?
S Phase
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Given a graphic of a chromosome be able to identify the sister chromatids and the centromere.
a
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During which phases of mitosis are chromosomes visible?
PROPHASE, METAPHASE, EARLY ANAPHASE
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In animal cells what is the role of centrioles (cellular anchors)?
TO CONNECT SPINDLE FIBERS
-
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
IT PRODUCES GENETIC DIVERSITY
-
How do embryonic cells specialize into heart muscle, skin, neurons, etc.?
THROUGH A PROCESS CALLED DIFFERENTIATION
-
What have cancer cells lost control of?
THEIR ABILITY TO CONTROL THEIR GROWTH RATE AND THEIR DIVIDING RATE
-
Why are stem cells important?
THEY HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO DEVELOP INTO OTHER CELL TYPES.
-
What are faulty/untrue examples of what stem cell therapy can achieve?
- DEVELOPING A VACCINE FOR CANCER
- GENERATING EMBRYOS
- INCREASING A PERSON’S INTELLIGENCE
-
In eukaryotes where is the DNA?
NUCLEUS
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What shocking event occurred in Griffith’s experiment?
HARMLESS BACTERIA BECAME HARMFUL/LETHAL
-
What did Avery conclude about transformation?
DNA IS THE TRANSFORMING FACTOR.
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Bacteriophage are viruses...what do they infect?
BACTERIA
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Why did Hershey and Chase label viral DNA with radioactive phosphorus and not radioactive
sulfur?
DNA CONTAINS PHOSPORUS AND NO SULFUR
-
What great scientist made groundbreaking x-ray diffraction photographs of DNA?
ROSALIND FRANKLIN
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What are DNA’s nucleotides (A,T,C,G) made up of?
DEOXYRIBOSE-PHOSPHATE GROUP-NITROGENOUS BASE
-
What is Chargaff’s Rule?
- The percent of A in a DNA sample equals that of T. The percent of C in a DNA sample equals
- that of G.
-
Given this DNA section TAGCTGAC what is the complimentary strand?
ATCGACTG
-
What does DNA replication produce?
2 identical copies of DNA. Each copy has one new strand and one original strand.
-
Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
-
Which nucleotide distinguishes RNA from DNA?
URACIL
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What is the product of transcription?
mRNA MOLECULES
-
What is the template for the building of mRNA?
DNA (Active Strand)
-
Which type of RNA brings the genetic information from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?
mRNA
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What happens during translation?
THE CELL USES mRNA CODE TO MAKE PROTEINS.
-
During translation what determines the amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide?
THE CODON ON THE mRNA AND THE ANTICODON ON THE tRNA
-
How many nucleotides are needed to specify one amino acid?
3 NUCLEOTIDES = 1 CODON
-
There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. How can this be?
- SEVERAL DIFFERENT CODONS CAN SPECIFY THE SAME AMINO ACID (This
- phenomenon is called redundancy.)
-
What is the impact of the majority/day-to-day mutations?
NO EFFECT (Evolution has established defenses against most mutations.)
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