The kidney engages in all of the following activities
except:
A. Secrete a hormone which assists in blood pressure
regulation
B. Eliminate nitrogenous wastes
C. Secrete a hormone which increases red blood cell
production
D. detoxifying free radicals
E. Secrete a hormone which increases the absorption of
glucose from the digestive tract
e. Secrete a hormone which increases the absorption ofglucose from the digestive tract
How does alcohol increase urine production?
A. By Causing an increase in sodium excretion
B. It decrease the concentration gradient created by the
nephron loop
C. In inhibit ADH secretion
D. It promotes increased filtration through the glomerulus
E. It inhibits water permeability in the collection duct
C. In inhibit ADH secretion
The micturition reflex:
D. In infancy is regulated by a micturition centerin the pon
4. This urinary disorder occurs commonly as a result of pregnancy
B. urinary incontinence
It is unhealthy to find this substance in urine:
A. glucose
The role the kidney plays in the homeostasis of the body includes all of the following except to:
E. control lymphocyte count.
The concentration gradient that exists from the cortex to the medulla of the kidney is produced by the
C. loops of the juxtamedullary nephrons
A distinguishing feature of the DCT and the collecting duct is that they are under hormonal control, unlike the PCT and loop.
True or False
True
The right kidney is lower than the left because of the space occupied by which other organ?
C. Liver
Which of the following is the main structure holding the kidney against the back body wall?
D. renal fascia
The filtration of blood plasma that begins the process of urine formation occurs at which of the following?
A. glomerular capillaries
The renal medulla receives its blood supply from a network of vessels called the vasa recta.
True or False
True
Which of the following is not considered part of the renal tubule?
B. capsular space
14. Which of the following is lined with a simple cuboidal epithelium with prominent microvilli (brush border)
D. proximal convoluted tubule
The thick segment of the nephron loop is very permeable to water.
True orFalse
??
A filtrate of blood
plasma is transformed into urine and passes to the outside by passing through
the following structures in this order—glomerular capsule to proximal
convoluted tubule to nephron loop to distal convoluted tubule to collecting
duct to papillary duct to minor calyx to major calyx to renal pelvis to urethra
to urinary bladder to ureter to outside.
True or False
False
Renal autoregulation can compensate for changes in mean arterial blood pressure over a range from 80 to 170 mmHg and still maintain a stable GFR.
True False
True
The blood hydrostatic pressure is quite low in the glomerular capillaries, because the afferent arteriole is larger than the efferent arteriole.
True False
False
When blood pressure drops, the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney secrete the enzyme renin, which indirectly results in
D. a stimulation of the sense of thirst.
The peritubular capillaries are involved in large amounts of tubular reabsorption because of their high blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP) and low colloid osmotic pressure
(COP).
True or False
False
In one pass through the kidney, half of the urea is removed from the blood, lowering its concentration to a safe level.
True or False
True
As urine passes down the collecting duct, water leaves the tube by osmosis and, thus, the urine becomes more and more concentrated.
True or False
True
Urea accounts for about 40% of the high osmolarity of the extracellular fluid in the deep medulla.
True or False
True
The blood flowing into and out of the medulla in the vasa recta has little impact on the osmolarity of the deep medulla.
True or False
True
The output of an excess of 2L/day of urine is known as pyuria.
True or False
False
Which of the following types of diabetes is caused by hypersecretion of cortisol?
D. adrenal diabetes
Both the internal and external urethral sphincters are composed of skeletal muscle.
True or False
False
The major nitrogenous waste product in humans is:
B. urea
Urea is made in the:
D. liver
All of these organ systems carry out excretion except:
A. nervous
The correct sequence of blood flow through the kidney is:
