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Organic molecules:
- carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- -CARBON CORE - others attach (chemical properties)
-
Functional groups:
attached to carbon core
-
4 kinds of organic molecules (large)
- large=macromolecules
- -most are polymers made of building blocks (monomeres)
-
Dehydration synthesis:
take water off to put things together
-
Hydrolysis:
Water to break apart
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Carbohydrates:
- Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
- -sugars, starches, wood *energy storage/structural
- -monomeres
- -polymeres
-
monosarcharides:
- 3-7 carbons
- Hexoses - 6 carbons (glucose)
- Pentoses - 5 carbons (Deoxyribose)
-
Disacharides:
- monomere + monomere --> disacharides + H20 (takes energy = endergonic)
- H20 +disacharide --> monomer + monomer (hydrolosis) (gives off energy = exergonic)
-
sucrose:
disacharide - main sugar plants transport
-
Polysaccharide:
- chains of glucose
- 1) starch - plants-
- animals -
- 2) cellulose- plants (structural element) string of glucose attached in a diff. way.
- 3) chitin - (insects/fungi) long chain of glucose (provides insects w/ exoskeleton)
-
Lipids:
- fats, oils
- -lots of energy contained
- -not H20 soliable
-
Types of lipids:
- 1) fatty acids
- 2) fat / oil molecule
- 3) phospho lipids
- 4) steroids
-
Fatty acids:
- building block for bigger ones
- c-c-c-c c
- c=fatty acid (others attach to it)
-
Fat / oil molecules:
- triglycerides
- energy storage
-
phospho lipids:
- c-c-c
- one of the c's is phosphate containing part
- help make up cell membrane
- End of phophate containing part - hydrophilic/polar
-
-
steroids:
animal hormones, cholesterol
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