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A period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence
Puberty
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Hormonal changes in puberty focus on the earlier development of the___, (emotion) and the later development of the ________, (reasoning and decision making)
amygdala and prefrontal cortex
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Adolescent belief that others are as preoccupied with the adolescent as he or she is, that one is unique, and that one is invincible
Egocentrism
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EE's theory (stage 5) when adolescents face the challenges of finding out who they are
Identity versus identity confusion.
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James Marcia's concept to describe a person's position in the development of an identity.
identity status
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Jame's Marcia considers two dimensions of identity important.
Exploration and commitments
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Identifying in some ways with their ethnic minority group and in other ways with the majority culture
Biculturalism
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Transitional period from adolescence to adulthood
Emerging adulthood
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Arnett re: emerging adulthood – Identity _________ esp in love and work
Exploration
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Arnett re: emerging adulthood – Residential changes peak, change in love, work, education
Instability
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Arnett re: emerging adulthood – few social obligations or duties and commitments to others
Self-focus
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Arnett re: emerging adulthood – consider themselves neither adolescents nor full-fledged adults
Feeling “in-between”
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Arnett re: emerging adulthood – optimism or had difficult times growing up
Age of possibilities
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Describes the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.
Life expectancy
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Hayflick's (1977) view that cells can divide a maximum of about 100 times a
The cellular-clock theory
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Each time a cell divides, the________ that protect the ends of chromosomes become shorter and shorter
telomeres
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Researchers have recently discovered that adults can/can't grow new brain cells throughout life
Can
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2 areas brain cells grow throughout life:
hippocampus and the olfactory bulb
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Specialization of function in one hemisphere of the brain or the other.
Lateralization
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Prefrontal cortex is lateralized ____ in older adults than in younger adults when engaged in cognitive tasks
Less
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Individual's accumulated information and verbal skills
Crystallized
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The ability to reason abstractly
Fluid intelligence,
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__________ intelligence is higher in middle adulthood compared to early adulthood
Crystallized
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___________ intelligence is higher in early adulthood compared to middle adulthood
Fluid
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Differences between individuals that stem from historical and social time period in which they were born & not from their ages
Cohort effects
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When the speed of processing information is involved, older adults do _____ than their younger counterparts
more poorly
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Older adults do not remember the _______ of life's happenings as well as younger adults
“where” and “when”
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Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life
Wisdom
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Stage six in early adulthood, facing the developmental task of whether to form intimate relationships with others
Intimacy versus isolation
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EE's seventh stage, in middle adulthood, concern to help the younger generation in developing useful lives
Generativity versus stagnation
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EE's eighth stage, occurs in late adulthood: look back and evaluate what we have done with our lives.
Integrity versus despair,
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Four principles at work in successful marriages:
Nurturing fondness and admiration, Turning toward each other as friends, Giving up some power, solving conflicts together
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