Athletic Training

  1. hyperthermia
    elevated body temperature
  2. hypothermia
    • low body temperature
    • death is imminent if core temp drops 77-85
    • prevent: apparel layers, prevent chilling, lightweight, replace fluids, not restricted movement
  3. acclimatization
    process of becoming accustomed to new environment
  4. chilblains
    results from prolonged and constant exposure to cold for many hours and produces skin redness, swelling, tingling, pain in toes and fingers
  5. circadian dysrhythmia
    stress caused by jet travel when flying east or west at high speeds that alter athletes time clock
  6. conductive heat exchange
    • physical contact with other objects that result in either heat loss or heat gain
    • ex: standing on synthetic turf
  7. convective heat exchange
    • when a mass of either air or water moves around an individual
    • ex: wind, hot tub
  8. evaporative heat loss
    sweat glands in the skin allow water to be transported to the surface, where it then evaporates
  9. jet lag
    physical and mental effects caused by traveling rapidly across several time zones
  10. metabolic heat production
    normal metabolic function in the body results in production and radiation of heat
  11. radiant heat exchange
    radiant heat from sunshine increases body temperature
  12. heat rash
    • also called prickly heat
    • condition associated with red, raised rash accompanied by sensations of prickling and tingling during sweating
  13. heat syncope
    • heat collapse
    • rapid physical fatigue during overexposure to heat caused by standing in heat for long periods or by not being accustomed to exercise in heat
  14. heat cramps
    • occur because of imbalance between electrolytes and water
    • prevented by adequate replacement of ions to most importantly water
    • increase table salt, bananas, milk
    • large quantities of water with mild stretching
  15. heat exhaustion
    • victim will collapse and sweat profusely
    • pale skin, mildly elevated temp, dizziness, hyperventalation, rapid pulse
    • IV replacement of fluid, rectal temp, place athlete in cool environment
  16. heat stroke
    • Emergency
    • sudden collapse with loss of consciousness, hot skin with less sweating than seen with heat exhaustion
    • core temp 104 or higher
    • get athlete to cool environment, strip off clothing, sponge down with cool water
  17. What are ways to prevent heat illness?
    • gradual acclimatization
    • identification of susceptible individuals
    • routine weight record keeping
    • fluid replacement
  18. frostnip
    • ears, nose, cheeks, chin, fingers, toes
    • high wind, severe cold, or both
    • skin appears firm with cold painless areas that may peel or blister
  19. frostbite
    • superficial: involves only skin and subcutaneous tissue, rewarming will feel numb then will sting and burn
    • deep: serious injury, involves tissue freezing, requires immediate hospitalization
  20. altitude
    • Mexico City (7600 ft elevation) has 7-8% decrease in oxygen uptake
    • natives have larger chest capacity, more alveoli, more capillaries to transport blood to tissue
    • adaption takes from 3 days to 2-3 weeks
  21. acute mountain sickness
    • 1 out of 3 individuals experience it
    • headache, nausea, vomiting, sleep disturbance
    • may last 3 days - attributed to tissue disruption
  22. pulmonary edema
    • 9000-10,000 ft
    • small amount of fluid within alveolar walls can collect in lungs
    • dyspnea, cough, headache, weakness, some unconciousness
  23. sickle cell trait reaction
    • 8-10% African Americans
    • abnormality of red blood cells & hemoglobin content
    • high altitudes causes abnormal molecules to clump together
Author
wssokol
ID
150243
Card Set
Athletic Training
Description
Environmental Conditions
Updated