Athletic Training

elevated body temperature

• low body temperature
• death is imminent if core temp drops 77-85
• prevent: apparel layers, prevent chilling, lightweight, replace fluids, not restricted movement

process of becoming accustomed to new environment

results from prolonged and constant exposure to cold for many hours and produces skin redness, swelling, tingling, pain in toes and fingers

stress caused by jet travel when flying east or west at high speeds that alter athletes time clock

• physical contact with other objects that result in either heat loss or heat gain
• ex: standing on synthetic turf

• when a mass of either air or water moves around an individual
• ex: wind, hot tub

sweat glands in the skin allow water to be transported to the surface, where it then evaporates

physical and mental effects caused by traveling rapidly across several time zones

normal metabolic function in the body results in production and radiation of heat

radiant heat from sunshine increases body temperature

• also called prickly heat
• condition associated with red, raised rash accompanied by sensations of prickling and tingling during sweating

• heat collapse
• rapid physical fatigue during overexposure to heat caused by standing in heat for long periods or by not being accustomed to exercise in heat

• occur because of imbalance between electrolytes and water
• prevented by adequate replacement of ions to most importantly water
• increase table salt, bananas, milk
• large quantities of water with mild stretching

• victim will collapse and sweat profusely
• pale skin, mildly elevated temp, dizziness, hyperventalation, rapid pulse
• IV replacement of fluid, rectal temp, place athlete in cool environment

• Emergency
• sudden collapse with loss of consciousness, hot skin with less sweating than seen with heat exhaustion
• core temp 104 or higher
• get athlete to cool environment, strip off clothing, sponge down with cool water

• gradual acclimatization
• identification of susceptible individuals
• routine weight record keeping
• fluid replacement

• ears, nose, cheeks, chin, fingers, toes
• high wind, severe cold, or both
• skin appears firm with cold painless areas that may peel or blister

• superficial: involves only skin and subcutaneous tissue, rewarming will feel numb then will sting and burn
• deep: serious injury, involves tissue freezing, requires immediate hospitalization

• Mexico City (7600 ft elevation) has 7-8% decrease in oxygen uptake
• natives have larger chest capacity, more alveoli, more capillaries to transport blood to tissue
• adaption takes from 3 days to 2-3 weeks

• 1 out of 3 individuals experience it
• headache, nausea, vomiting, sleep disturbance
• may last 3 days - attributed to tissue disruption

• 9000-10,000 ft
• small amount of fluid within alveolar walls can collect in lungs
• dyspnea, cough, headache, weakness, some unconciousness

• 8-10% African Americans
• abnormality of red blood cells & hemoglobin content
• high altitudes causes abnormal molecules to clump together