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What does manicure mean?
Hand Care
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What does pedicure mean?
Foot Care
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What is the technical name for nail?
Onyx
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What is the term for the study of nails?
Onychology
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What are nails made of?
Keratin
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Where does nail growth originate?
the nail matrix
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How long does it take for the growth of a new nail plate?
- 4-6 months fingersnails
- 9-12 months toenails
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What is the average growing rate of nails?
1/8'' per month
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What is the relationship between age and nail growth?
Nail growth is faster in younger people.
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During what season do nails grow faster?
Summer
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What determines the shape of nail?
depends on the shape of the matrix
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What are the differences in growth and thickness between fingernails and toenails?
Toenails are thicker than fingernails but grow more slowly
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What can cause nails to have discoloration or distortion?
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When can permanent distortions to nails occur?
Matrix Injury
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What is term for any disease, disorder, or condition of the nail?
Onychosis
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When must a client be refused service and referred to a physician?
When a disease is present.
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When can a nail service be performed on a client and with correct techniques, products and nutrition nails can improve.
Nail condition
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When can a nail service be performed with care and the client may want to consult a physician?
Nail Disorder
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What are the four factors of onychosis?
- Identification
- Etiology
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
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What is etiology?
the cause of the disease, disorder or condition
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What are the six signs of infection?
- Pain
- Swelling
- Redness
- Local Fever
- Throbbing
- Pus
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When performing a hand and nail examination what seven things should you observe?
- Temperature of skin
- Skin texture/feel
- Inflammation/redness
- Color/condition of nail bed
- Condition and length of free edge
- Tenderness or stiff joints
- Shape/thickness of nail plate
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Which nail disease is known as ringworm of the nail, is a fungal infection and the nail falls off?
Onychomoycosis
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Which nail disease is known as ringworm of the hand, is a fungal infection and appears as rings with tiny blisters?
Tinea Manus
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Which nail disease is known as "athletes foot", it is ringworm of the feet and appears as blisters/sores on the feet, with an itchy rash?
Tinea Pedis
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Which nail disease is known as a bacterial infection that appears as inflammation of the skin around the nail with redness, pus, swelling in the skin folds next to the nail plate?
Paronychia
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Which nail disease causes shedding of the nails, nails falling off and is disease or injury related?
Onychoptosis
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Which nail disease causes inflammation of the nail matrix, usually followed by shedding of the nail plate. Appears as redness, swelling and/or pus and the nail may or may not grow back?
Onychia
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Which nail disease causes nail atrophy, where the nails shrink in size and may separate from the nail bed?
Onychatrophia
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Which nail disease causes loosening or separation of the nail, but the nail isn't shed, begins at free-edge progressing to the lanula?
Onycholysis
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Which part of the nail extends beyond the ends of the fingers and toes?
Free Edge
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Which part of the nail is the visible nail area, and made of layers?
Nail Plate/Nail Body
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Which part of the nail is tracks on either side of the nail that the nail moves on as it grows?
Nail Grooves
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Which part of the nail is folds of skin on either side of the nail groove?
Nail Wall
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Which part of the nail is a half-moon shape at the base of the nail and shows the true color of the nail matrix?
Lanula
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Which part of the nail is the active tissue that forms the natural nail?
Nail Matrix
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Which part of the nail is loose, pliable, dead tissue attached to the nail plate?
Cuticle
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Which part of the nail is the living skin at the base of the nail plate that overplaps the lanula?
Eponychium
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Which part of the nail is attached to the matrix at the base of the nail, under the skin and inside the mantle?
Nail Root
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Which part of the nail is the pocket like structure that holds the root and matrix?
Mantle
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Which part of the nail is the living skin that the nail plate sits upon; blood and nerves are located here?
Nail Bed
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Which part of the nail is the skin under the free edge that creates a seal under the nail plate?
Hyponychium
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Which part of the nail is the skin that touches, overlaps and surrounds the nail?
Perionychium
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Are cosmetologist permitted to trim the eponychium, why or why not?
No: because it's living skin.
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