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Proctosigmoidoscopy
EXAMINATION OF THE DISTAL SIGMOID COLON, THE RECTUM, AND THE ANAL CANAL USING A FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPE (SIGMOIDOSCOPE)
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Before exam prerequisites.
24 HR. CLEAR LIQUID DIET AND LAXATIVE THE NIGHT BEFORE TEST. WARM-TAP WATER ENEMA
PATIENTS THAT HAVE SEVERE DIARRHEA OR BLEEDING MAY NOT BE GIVEN THIS TEST
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TPN/ PPN
Both are out of LVN scope of practice.
- TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION
- ALSO KNOWN AS
- (INTRAVENOUS HYPERALIMENTATION)
- PERIPHERAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION (PPN)
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What is in TPN
- SOLUTION CONTAIN DEXTROSE (SUGAR)
- AMINO ACIDS (PROTEIN)
- VITAMINS, MINERALS, AND FAT (INRALIPID) EMULSIONS
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When would TPN be used for?
PATIENTS WITH PURNS, TRAUMA, CANCER, IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) MALNUTRITION, ANOREXIA NERVOSA, OR FEVER AND THOSE UNDERGOING MAJOR SURGERY MAY NEED TPN
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While administration of TPN what to look for?
MONITOR GLUCOSE LEVELS FOR HYPERGLYCEMIA AND MONITOR (CBC) COMPLET BLOOD CELL COUNT (ALBUMIN) (GLUCOSE) (ELECTROLYTES) (PLATELET COUNT) (PROTHROMBIN TIME) PT
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Checking residual in tube feedings?
IF EVER MORE THAN 100 ML OF RESIDUAL FEEDING SHOULD BE STOPPED TO PREVENT VOMITING OR ASPIRATION AND DR. NOTIFIED...
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CEA= CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN?
carbohydrate antigen 19-9
MARKERS USED TO MONITOR GI CANCER TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS AND DETECT RECURRENCE. PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS, HEPATIC DISEASE, AND ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS AND HEAVY SMOKERS.
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When inserting a GTube?
PATIENT MUST BE IN HIGH-FOWLER'S POSITION AND PLACEMENT CAN ONLY BE DETERM BY X-RAYS
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Mechanical digestion?
CHANGES FOOD TO A THICK LIQUID CALLED CHYME.
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Peptic Ulcer?
PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE THE MOST COMMON ULCER OF AN AREA OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT THE IS USUALLY ACIDIC AND THUS EXTREMELY PAINFUL..
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Hydrochloric acid?
- BOTH HYDROGEN AND CHLORIDE ARE SECRETED SEPARATELY IN THE STOMACH FUNDUS REGION AT THE TOP OF THE STOMACH...
- A BARRIER AGAINST MICROORGANISMS TO PREVETN INFECTIONS AND IS IMPORTANT FOR THE DIGESTION OF FOOD...
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Side effects with TPN "HYPERGLYCEMIA"
- POLYPHAGIA, POLYURIA, POLYDIPSIA,
- MOST COMMON S/S THAT HAPPEN WHEN GIVING TPN....
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ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY?
(EGD)
NURSE MUST HAVE SIGNED CONSENT FOR PROCEDURE. NPO 8-12 HRS. TO RELAX PT GIVE SEDATIVE(VALIUM) OR (VERSED) PT PUT TO LT SIDE THEN TUBE PASSED ORALLY DOWN GI TRACT. VS CHECKED, PT TO ONE SIDE TO PREVENT ASPIRATION WHILD SEDATIONS AND LOCAL ANESTHETIC WEAR OFF..NPO TILL GAG REFLEX RETURNS..LOOK FOR PERFORATIONS , BLEEDING FEVER, AND DYSPHAGIA...
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Clear liquid diet?
vegetable broth, bouillon, clear fruit juices, clear fruit ices, popsicles, clear gelatin desserts, and no carbonated drinks.
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Full liquied diet?
FULL OR STRAINED LIQUID DIET CONSISTS OF BOTH CLEAR AND OPAQUE LIQUID FOODS WITH A SMOOTH CONSISTENCY. IT INCLUDES MILK, MILKSHAKES, ICE CREAM, PUDDINGS, STRAINED CREAM SOUPS, FRUIT NECTAR WITH PULP, SMOOTH COOKED CEREALS SUCH AS PORRIDGE AND CREAM OF WHEAT, BUTTER, AND HONEY. FRUIT JUICES WITHOUT PULP, COFFEE, GELATIN, POSICLES WITHOUT PULP, WATER AND CLEAR CARBONATED BEVERAGES ARE ALSO ACCEPTABLE...
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