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What enzyme is specific for mast cells and used as a marker for anaphylaxis (mast cell activation)?
Tryptase.
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Cross linking of IgE receptors from antigen results in what?
Receptor aggregation -> degranulation.
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What side effect is characteristic to digoxin toxicity, what side effect is fatal?
- Disturbed color perception
- Also: Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea
- Fatal: Ventricular tachyarrythmias.
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What is the name for the biologically active form of pantothenic acid?
Coenzyme A.
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Which picornavirus is acid labile?
Rhinovirus.
-
Which beta blocker also has class 3 (K channel) effects?
Sotalol.
-
What murmur is accentuated by the hand-grip exercise (increased afterload)?
VSD.
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Neurofibromas of NF are derived from what embryological structure?
Neural crest cells.
-
Insulin acts via tyrosine kinase receptors to increase activity of which intracellular enzyme?
Protein phosphatase 1.
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What are the actions of protein phosphatase 1?
- Dephosphorylates glycogen synthase -> activation -> increased glycogen synthesis
- Dephosphorylates F-1,6-BP -> Deactivation -> decreased gluconeogenesis.
-
What is another name for antibodies against neutrophil myeloperoxidase?
perinuclear staining antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA).
-
MOA of raloxifene?
- Agonist at bone and myocardium
- Antagonist at breast and ovary.
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Hypoglycemia and low ketone levels following prolonged fasting?
Deficiency of Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase -- first step in b-oxidation of FFA.
-
What do mucicarmine and methenamine silver stain for?
Cryptococcus neoformans.
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Rituximab is an antibody against what antigen, used for what?
-
Imatinib is used for?
CML.
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What is interleukin-2 used for?
Renal cell carcinoma and melanoma.
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What hormone prevents lactation despite high prolactin levels in pregnant women?
Progesterone.
-
What should be tested before beginning amiodarone therapy?
TSH.
-
Thayer martin medium is a culture used to select for what organism?
Neisseria spp.
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