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Continuous reinforcement schedule
a schedule that requires a consequence to be administered following every instance of a behavior
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Distributive justice
the perceived degree to which outcomes and rewards are fairly distributed or allocated
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Equity theory
a theory that states that people will be motivated when they perceive that they are being treated fairly
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expectancy
the perceived relationship between effort and performance
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Expectancy theory
a theory that states that people will be motivated to the extent to which they believe that their efforts will lead to good performance, that good performance will be rewarded, and that they will be offered attractive rewards
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extinction
reinforcement in which a positive consequence is no longer allowed to follow a previously reinforced behavior, thus weakening the behavior
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Extrinsic reward
a reward that is tangible, visible to others, and given to employees contingent on the performance of specific tasks or behaviors
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Fixed interval reinforcement schedule
an intermittent schedule in which consequences follow a behavior only after a fixed time has elapsed
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Fixed ratio reinforcement schedule
an intermittent schedule in which consequences are delivered following a specific number of behaviors
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goal
a target, objective, or result that someone tries to accomplish
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Goal acceptance
the extent to which people consciously understand and agree to goals
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Goal difficulty
the extent to which a goal is hard or challenging to accomplish
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Goal specificity
the extent to which goals are detailed, exact, and unambiguous
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Goal–setting theory
a theory that states that people will be motivated to the extent to which they accept specific, challenging goals and receive feedback that indicates their progress toward goal achievement
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inputs
in equity theory, the contributions employees make to the organization
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instrumentality
the perceived relationship between performance and rewards
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Intermittent reinforcement schedule
a schedule in which consequences are delivered after a specified or average time has elapsed or after a specified or average number of behaviors has occurred
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Intrinsic reward
a natural reward associated with performing a task or activity for its own sake
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motivation
the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal
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