renal stuff

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Kidneys play a role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance with what elements
- sodium
- calcium
- potassium
- phosphorus
How do the kidneys play role in regulating bp

angiotensin-renin-system
what % of blood goes to kidneys for filtration

25%
juxta medullary nephrons
- allow for fluid reabsorption
- tubules: bicarb, ca, P
blood flow in general in kidney

through afferent arterial to glomerulus (filter here) and through efferent arterial
what is the normal GFR?

125 ml/min
what is secreted from the tubles (into urine/filtrate) normally?
- K+
- H+
At what point is glucose going to spill into the urine

200
What is the first sign of diabetes?

microalbuminiaria
what is the normal output of urine

1-3L/day
renin
- increases reabsorption on sodium and water
- production increases with low BP, blood volume or low sodium levels
aldosterone

reabsorption of sodium in distal tubules
erythropoietin
- released by kidneys
- increases RBC production
- released in response to decreased O2
calcium and kidneys
- required for correct metabolism of Ca
- kidney produces active form of vit D
TF: Nephrons damaged by both hypo and hyper tension

True
why do aging get up in the middle of the night to urinate?

noctural polyria - aren't as effective as concentrating urine which causes them to get up in night
Is one bladder scan sufficient?

greates of 2-3 scans
specific gravity

1.005 - 1.03
Positive sign of UTI
- leukoesterase
- nitrates
serum creatinine
- production of muscle breakdown
- 0.5 - 1.1
- increase is considered abnormal
blood urea nitrogen
- by product of protein metabolism
- clearance of nitrogen waste products
The GFR is controlled by
- BP
- renal blood flow
- changes in pressure in afferent and efferent arterioles
creatinine clearance compares.....

serum creatinine to creatinine in 24 hr urine collection
which imaging study for kidney function

IVP - uses contrast

Author

Ygw

149875

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renal stuff

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renal

Updated

2012-04-24T22:49:26Z

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