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K. De Wael, L. Lepot, F. Gason, B. Gilbert
- --In Search of Blood - Detection of Minute Particles of Blood Using Spectroscopic Methods FSI Vol. 180, No. 1, 2008.
- --Brian and Dustin
- --Raman spectroscopy used typical spectrum of hemoglobin to identify blood particles
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Stacey Anderson, Brandi Howard, Gerald R. Hobbs, Clifton P. Bishop
- --A Method for Determining the Age of a Bloodstain (using RNA) FSI Vol. 148, No. 1, 2005.
- --Jen and Anthony
- --identify age of bloodstain
- --used real-time reverse transcriptase PCR to show that the ratio between different types of RNA (mRNA versus rRNA) changes over time in a linear fashion when dried human blood from eight individuals was examined over the course of 150 days
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Hiroaki Nakanishia, Akira Kido, Takeshi Ohmori, Aya Takada, Masaaki Hara, Noboru Adachi, Kazuyuki Saito
- --Identification of Saliva by Detecting Oral Streptococci FSI Vol. 183, No. 1, 2009
- --Joli and Daniela
- --used DNA amp. to identifiy common strains of bacteria and then identify the presence of saliva
- --data indicated that S. salivarius is more reliable than S. mutans
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Robert Driscoll, Dane T. Plaza, Donia Slack, and Robert A. Bever
- --The Screening of Buccal Swabs (and/or saliva stains) with Ninhydrin Resulting in Improved Cell Collection AAFS Proceedings, A93, 2009.
- --Tara and Jess
- --used ninhydrin to detect amino acids found in saliva on buccal swabs
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Barni F, Berti A, Rapone C, Lago G.
- --Alpha-Amylase Kinetic Test in Bodily Single and Mixed Stains JFS Vol. 51, No. 6
- --Erik and Sharon
- --used a quantitative spectrophotometric technique to determine alpha-amylase activity and reaction kinetic curves
- -- recognize successfully the presence of saliva and to distinguish it specifically from other bodily fluids containing alpha-amylase
- --clear correlation between alpha-amylases activity and male DNA was detected on all the samples evaluated
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Lowenstein JM, Reuther JD, Hood DG, Scheuenstuhl G, Gerlach SC, Ubelaker DH
- --Identification of Animal Species by Protein Radioimmunoassay FSI Vol. 159, No. 2, 2006
- --Breahna and Shannon
- --pRIA was used to identify the species of six bone fragments lacking morphological specificity and 43 bloodstained lithic tools
- --conclude that the pRIA technique shows a high degree of accuracy in discriminating human from animal bone fragments and bloodstains and in identifying animal species
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Kelly Virkler, Igor K. Lednev
- --Raman Spectroscopic Signature of Semen and its Potential Application to Forensic Body Fluid Identification FSI Vol. 193, 2009
- --Bethany and Nancy
- --used Raman spectroscopy to create signature semen spectra and identify unique components in semen
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Jessica V. Norris, M.Sc.; Kate Manning, Bsc.; Sarah J. Linke, B.S.; Jerome P. Ferrance, Ph.D.; and James P. Landers
- --Expedited, Chemically Enhanced Sperm Cell Recovery from Cotton Swabs for Rape Kit Analysis JFS Vol. 152, No. 4, July 2007
- --Ciara and Christine
- --exploits the exclusive use of detergents for intact cell removal, and can be utilized in conjunction with, or to circumvent, conventional differential extraction
- --Samples treated with Sarkosyl and sodium dodecyl sulfate yielded higher sperm cell recoveries
- --results indicate that the exclusive use of SDS enhances the release of sperm and epithelial cells from a cotton swab as compared with DE buffer, providing for a more effective DNA analysis
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Kazunori Sagawa, Akihiko Kimura, Yoshifumi Saito, Hiroshi Inoue, Seiji Yasuda, Mizuho Nosaka and Tsutomu Tsuji
- --Production of a Monoclonal Antibody for Sweat-Specific Protein and its Application for Sweat Identification Int J Legal Med Vol. 117, No. 2, 2003
- --Gretchen and Elyse
- --identified a sweat-specific protein and produced monoclonal antibodies by immunizing mice with sweat proteins fractionated by anion-exchange chromatography
- --one monoclonal antibody (G-81) was selected because of its unique specificity
- --The G-81-reactive peptide was very stable and was able to detect sweat stains left for at least 11 weeks at room temperature without substantial loss of reactivity
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Koichi Sakurada, Tomoko Akutsu, Hisayo Fukushima, Ken Watanabe, Mineo Yoshino
- --Detection of Dermcidin for Sweat Detection by RT-PCR and ELISA FSI Vol. 194, 2010
- --Candace
- --demonstration of the use of real-time RT-PCR to sensitively identify sweat among body-fluid stains, and it confirmed that dermcidin was an excellent marker for sweat identification
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Bauer M, Patzelt D.
- --Identification of Menstrual Blood by Real Time PCR FSI Vol. 174, No. 1, 2008
- --Amanda and Melissa
- --method using real time-PCR and the menstrual blood marker MMP-7 which increases sensitivity and specificity
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Rachel I. Fleming, SallyAnn Harbison
- --The Use of Bacteria for the Identification of Vaginal Secretions FSI: Genetics, In Press, 2010
- --Nick and Abby
- -- used the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer region for identifying vaginal specific bacteria
- --demonstrated that these Lactobacilli are promising new markers for the forensic identification of vaginal secretions
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Sarah K. Paterson, M.Sc.; Cynthia G. Jensen, Ph.D.; Susan K. Vintiner, B.Sc.(Hons); and Susan R. McGlashan, Ph.D.
- --Immunohistochemical Staining as a Method for the Identification of Vaginal Epithelial Cells JFS Vol. 51, 2006
- --Kristyn and Hyung Won
- -- to use a cell extraction procedure compatible with routine forensic sampling methods, and to investigate the expression of cytokeratin (CK), estrogen receptor-α (ERα), and phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) in order to distinguish between skin, buccal, vaginal, and external penile epithelial cells
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