Biology

In vertebrates,the organs specialize for the exchange of gases between the blood and the atmosphere.

The divison of the nervous system that include the brain and spinal cord.

Two-word system of identifying an organism

Blood Vessels that carries blood away from the heart to the tissues and organs of the body

Microscopic blood vessels

Virus,bacteria and other microscopic organism that cause disease

Any substance that can cause an immune response

Proteins in the blood that binds to help destroy foreign substance in the body.

A part of the human briain below the rear part of the cerebrum coordinates voluntary movements.

Small,finger like projections of the linig of the small intestine.

A pair of organs in vertabraes that excrete nitrogenous waste and regulate the blood chemical balance, produce urine

The throat

he voice box, connects the pharynx with the trachea

An organ in the lypmphatic system in the upper part of the abdomen that filters out harmful, substance from the blood. The spleen also produces white T-Cell. And removes worn out red blood cells from circulations and maintain a reserve bond supply for the body

Strong bands of connective tissue that attach skeletal muscle to bone

A gland behind the stmach that functions both the endocrine system and digestive system. Its endocrine functions invovles the secretion into the blood. Which regulates the level of sugar in the body.

The process of releasing energy in a complex series of chemical reactions

A chronic disease in which the tiny air sacs in the lungs become stretched and enlarged, so that they are less able to supply oxygen to the blood. Emphysema causes shortness f breath and painfull coughingand can increase the likehood of heat disease

The tough fiborus brand of connective tissues

A point in the skeleton where the bone meets

A type of flexiable connective tissue

A typ of connective tissues made up of living cells,connective tissue,fibers, and inorganic compounds.

Vessels that return blood from the body tissues to the heart

The secretion of the endocrine gland

The system of the body that regulates overall metabolism, homeostatsis growth and reproduction.

Small cup-shaped cavites in he air sacs where gas exchange occurs.

Two cartilage-ringed tubes that branch off the trachea and enters the lungs

An organ that secrets bile and rmoves toxic substance from blood.

A substance released from the synaptic knob into the synaptic cleft that initiates impulse in adjacent

A cell specialized for the transmission of impulse; A nerve cell.

The cord of nervous tissues in vertrbrates that extends down from the brain running through the vertebrae of the spinnal column.

The part of the brain beneath the cerebellum and continuos with the spinal cord;controls involuntary ativties

A part of the himan brain below the rear part of the cerebrum;coordinates; coordinates voluntary movement

• -unicellular
• -prokaryotik
• moderna

Plants and other organism that make there own food.

Any substance that release hydrogen ions in solutions

Found in the spongy layer (aka) vascular bundle

Having two diffrent alleles for a trait

The process by which organism produce new organism of the same type

The process by which oranic compounds are synthesized from in organic carbon

In photosynthesis, a series of reactions requring light in which water of some other compoundsis oxidized and ATP and NADPH are produced.

The series of reaction in photosynthesis in which carbon fixation occurs and for which light is not required.

The plostides that contain cholorophyill: The sites of photosynthesis in eukaroytic

The photosynthesis membranes in the cholorplast which arranged in the shape of flattened sacs.

The tranverse plane dividing the body or body parts into upper and lower segments this plane is a cross section perpendicular to the longitude planes, tranverse planes of the body called axial or transaxial section by radiologist are commonly seen in CT and MRI studies

Over reaction of the immune response

permit or allow

The pathways of carbon dioxide in the ecosystem

Waxy outer covering,helps to water conservation

The break down of glucos la carbon of 6 compounds called pyruvic acid(pyruvate)

• GO--->COWE
• Glucose,Oxygen--->Carbon Dixode,Water and ATP

Evaporation of H2O through the leaves

Transport H2O from the leaves to the root

Includes the palisades and spongy layers

The space between gaurd cell where oxygen CO2 and H2O are exchanged with the enviroment

Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Bean shaped cells that control the size of the stomate:expand and contract

light

cholorplast

Process of movement of materials across a membrane from lower to higher contractions using energy.

The usually thin,flat outgrowth of stems;carry out photosynhesis

The evaporation of water vapor from plant surface

energy from organic molecule(glucose)

The mitochondria of the cell

Oxygen

Nucleos of the atom

Mitochondria

36 ATP

Xylem-pholem cells

leaf

o2

sunlight,glucose and carbon dixode

Found under the palisades layers has many air spaces that are attracted to the stomates

plants,autotrhophs and producers

The process of capturing thew energy of sunlight and transforming it into chemical energy(glucose)

A large structure within a cell that controls the cell metabolism and stores genetic information including chromosomes and DNA

All the chemicals reactions that occur within the cells of an organism

• 1.)Aerobic and Anerobic respiration make a total of 2 ATP
• 2.)This step itself is anerobic(it doesn't need oxygen to occur)

CO2 and Alchoul

• -Same as binary fission except the cytoplasm does not split equally.
• -Instead it forms a bud that grows into a new organism

• -Small specialized reproductive cells called spores are released from the parent.
• -Cells lays dormant until conditions are favorable for reproduction.
• -Usally favor dark,wet conditions

• -Development of an entirley new organism from a piecce of the original organism
• -Needs part of a central care of undefinition cells to occur

Used to make identical copies of plant that have desirable traits

A short round fleshy stem thick leaves

The process in which undiffrentiated plant cells first divide mitotically and then diffrenetiate to produce an independent plant;vegetation propagation

All physical factors in an ecosystem

Organism from which one is descended

T expose to air for purification water purification

A life process that invovles combinig simple substnce into more complex substance

A series of trials or test that are done to support or refute a hypothesis

The part of the microsope that seperates the two censes of a compound microscope

One of four molecules that are part of the structure of DNA adeine thymine cytosine and guanine

The long term damage an organism recives during its existance that impairs its ability to repair and rengenerate

A substance that provides the body with the materialsand the energy needed to carry out the basic life of cells

Storage sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that may contain either wastes or useful materials such as water or food.

Inherited trait that improves the organism chance of survival

The support of a microscope

Proteins in the blood that binds and destroy forign substance in the body

Adenosine Triphospate-The most common molecule used to store and transfer energy in phosphate bonds

An organelle that transport proteins and other parts of the cell to another

The middle embryonic germ layer,lying between the ectoderm and the endoderm,from which connective tissue,musscle,bone, and the urgentital and circulatory systems develops

Also called endoplast;The innermost cell layer of the embryo in its gastrual stage

The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower,another flower of the same of the flower of a plant of the same clone

The transfer of pollen from the flower of one plant to another flower of a plant having a diffren genetic contitution

A maliganant and invasive growth or tuor especially one originating inepithelium,tending to recur after excision and to metastasize to other sites

The part of the flower that contains the ovules and through which pollen tubes grow

The period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not under going division, typically ocurring between mitotic or mieotic division

The organof the flower that bears pollen grains

A form of reproduction in which new indivduals is produced by the union of the nuclei of two specialized sex cells

In mammels a placenta forms during the development of the embryo

The thick muscular pear shaped organ in the female mammal in which the embryo develops

The diploid cell resulting from fusion of two gametes

The fusion of the nuclei of the male and female gametes

Mating of two organism to get the best of both

Choosing to mate individuals each of which has desired traits

Ribose Nucleic Acid

Bacterial Transformation

Manipulating DNA to produce a desirable effect using cutting,splicing and insertinng techniques

A member of a population of genetically identical cells produce from a single cell

The DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA(DNA-->mRNA occurs in the nucleus)

Mating of closely relater animals to obtain desired traits

Sperm Variation

Female Variation

The concepts that more species in an echosystem produces stability

All genetic make up of an individual

All the physical traits that appear in an indivdual as a result of its genetic makeup

The inherited charectoristic often masked by the domminant charectoristic and not seen in an organism

Individual that are heterozygous for particular traits, individuals produced by a cross between members of two closely related speceies

A concept which has been tested and confirmed in many diffrent ways that explains a wide variety or observation

Transport H2O from the root to the leaves

Flattened disk containg chlorophyll

The region on an enzyme where the substance attaches

A statement that predicts a relationship between cause and effects in a way that can be tested

The tiny boundary between the cell and its enviroment

An increased of size or numbers of cells

The removal of all waste produced by the cells of the body

The basic unit of structure and function that make up all organism

An explanation supported by many observation and or experiment hat can be used to accurately explain related occurence