Kidney part two

Kidney stones

Inflammation of the urethra

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

inflammation of the nephrons in the kidneys

inflammation of the glomeruli, or small blood vessels in the kidneys

the presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine

_____ means swelling caused by fluid in your body's tissues

_____ measures the amount of nitrogen in your blood that comes from the waste product urea

What is responsible for urine production?

What 4 things does the renal tubule consist of?

Approx what percent of cardiac output is filtered through the kidney each minute?

What 2 things does the renal corpuscle consist of?

What feeds the glomerulus?

Where does the production of protein free filtrate take place?

The glomerulus works (passive/active) and work under (high/low) pressure.

Approx. _____ml/minute of blood is filtered through kidneys. _____% cardiac output.

_____ml per minute of filtrate is produced in the glomerulus, this is called the _____.

Reabsorption of filtrate takes place in the _____.

The endothelium of the glomerulus has what type of epithelium?

What does the inner layer of the bowmans capsule consist of? and what is their main funtion?

Afferent arterioles come from _____ arteries

Efferent arteioles go to _____ capillaries

Afferent or efferent:
Does not get filtered

What is the funtion of the podocytes?

Osmosis concentration goes from _____ to _____.

What is the glomerular filtration pressure?

What are the 2 things that OPPOSES the outward Hydrostatic pressure? and how much pressure does it oppose?

What promotes and outward flow against opposing pressure during glomerular filtration and how much pressure does it promote?

The collecting duct dumps into _____.

Major calyx dumps into _____.

The peritubular capillaries in the juxtamedullary nephrons go to _____ then go to _____.

Specialized peritubular capillaries around loop of henle used for urine concentration.

Fluid loss

where does the reabsorption of Na, K and glucose take place and what kind of transport does it require

Where does reabsorption of Cl take place by diffusion?

What happens in reabsorption?

What happens in secretions?

Obligatory water reabsorption by osmosis happens where?

Secreations by certain drugs by active transport happens in ?

Secretions of hydrogen ions including H and K take place in ?

Where does reabsorption of sodium take place by active transport?

_____ controls the reabsorption of water

reabsorption of water by osmosis takes place in?

What is the cuff of smooth muscle around afferent arteriole and what is its function?

_____ Is sensitive to decreased concentration of Na ( decreased B/P)

What releases renin into blood stream?

What are 2 ways renin is released into blood stream? what type of cells is it sensed by and where is it located?

the chemoreceptors or macula densa respond to what ?

Where is renin made?

renin is released in blood in response to ?

_____ is a plasma protein that gets activated if you have renin.

_____ is a polypeptide that gets activated by angiotensinogen.

what is the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?

_____ is a potent vasoconstrictor.

_____ is a sodium retaining hormone, highers blood pressure.

What are the 2 functions of angiotension II

What do anti diuretics do to blood pressure?