blood, clot, fatty mass, bubble of air, other debris
PLATELET
cell fragment found in blood; involved in clotting
PLASMA
NONliving fluid component of blood within which formed elements and various solutes are suspended and circulated
ALBUMIN
most abundant plasma PROTEIN
HEMOGLOBIN
oxygen transporting protein of erythrocytes
OXYHEMOGLOBIN
oxygen bound form of hemoglobin
BILIRUBIN
yellow pigment of bile
LEUKOCYTOSIS
WBC <11000; normal response to infection in body
APLASTIC ANEMIA
destruction/inhibition of red marrow by certain drugs/chemicals, ionizing radiation, viruses
POLYCYTHEMIA
abnormal excess of erythrocytes that increase blood viscosity causing it to sludge or flow sluggishly
SICKLE-CELL ANEMIA
abnormal hemoglobin
LEUKOPENIA
abnormally low WBC
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
due to deficit of B12, affects vegetarians more
INFECTION MONONUCLEOSIS
"kissing disease" highly contagious; viral disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus
EMBOLISM
obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus floating in blood
SERUM
amber-colored fluid that exudes from clotted blood as clot shrinks; plasma without clotting factors
HEPARIN
natural anticoagulant secreted into blood plasma
WARFARIN
prevent blood clotting
ERYTHROPOIETIN
hormone that stimulates production of RBCs
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
reduction in number of platelets circulating blood
HEMOPHILIA
term loosely applied to several different hereditary bleeding disorders that exhibit similar s/s
RH FACTOR
agglutinogens
ABO BLOOD GROUPS
based on presence/absence of agglutinogens
ERYTHRO-
red
LEUKO-
white
HEMATOCRIT
percentage of total blood volume occupied by erythrocytes
HEMO-
blood
HEMATO-
blood
-POIESIS
to make
-CYTE
cell
-BLAST
bud
RETICULUM
network
HYPOXIC
inadequate oxygen
ANEMIA
"lacking blood" RBCs
CHEMOTAXIS
movement of cell toward or away from, organism, or part of organism
DIAPEDESIS
passage of WBC through intact vessel walls into tissue
POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE
with granulocytes; with nucleus
RETICULOCYTE
immature erythrocyte
BASOPHIL
GRANULAR; release histamine and others; contains heparin
MONOCYTE
large signle-nucleus WBC; AGRANULAR
LYMPHOCYTE
AGRANULAR; arises from bone marrow and becomes functionally mature in lymphoid organs of body; mounts immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies
EOSINOPHIL
kills parasitic worms; complex role in allergy
NEUTROPHIL
phagocytize bacteria, most abundant leukocyte
What is the most abundant component of plasma?
Water
Name the three formed elements of blood.
Erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
Normal value of Hb for infants.
14-20
Normal hemoglobin for adult females.
13-18
Normal hemoglobin for adult males.
12-16
Define hematopoiesis.
Blood cell formation
Where are blood cells formed?
red bone marrow in bones of axial skeleton and girdles
What are reticulocytes?
Immature RBC
What helps provide a rough index of the rate of RBC production?
Reticulocyte counts
Which hormone is a direct stimulus for RBC formation?
Erythropoietin
What can cause the release of EPO?
1. reduced number of RBC d/t hemorrhage or too much RBC destruction
2. insufficient Hb per RBC
3. reduced availability of oxygen like in high altitudes
How long is the lifespan of a RBC?
100-120 days
Which abnormal hemoglobin causes sickle-cell anemia?
Hb S
What is the name of practiced by some athletes that causes artifically induced polycythemia?
Blood Doping
What is diapedesis?
process WBC use to sli pout of the capillary blood vessels
Which leukocytes are involved in allergic response?
eosinophil and basophil
Which leukocytes are granular?
Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil
Which leukocytes are agranular?
lymphocyte and monocyte
Which cells are involved in immune response by acting directly against virus-infected cells?
T lymphocytes
Calcium, serotonin, enzymes, ADP, and platelet-derived growth factor are all components of ____
What happens during the platelet plug formation step of coagulatioin?
Injury to lining of vessel exposes collagen fibners; platelets adhere. Platelets release chemicals that make nearby paltelets stick, which forms platelet plug
Which blood type are universal recipients? WHY?
AB; No plasma antibodies (agglutinins)
Which blood types are universal donors? WHY?
Type O; No AB antigens (agglutinogens)
One molecule of hemoglobin can bind a maximum of _____ oxygen molecules.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
4
A patient who lacks intrinsic factor would likely develop:
-sickle cell anemia
-pernicious anemia
-iron deficiency anemia
pernicious anemia
Which WBC is highly phagocytic cell with a "U" shaped nucleus
Macrophage
Which WBC has Bilobed nucleus and dark-staining cytoplasmic granules ?
Basophil
Overproduction of white blood cells is called _____.
A. leukopenia.
B. leukopoiesis.
C. leukocytosis.
D. polycythemia.
leukocytosis
Which of the following is true regarding the extrinsic pathway of blood clotting?
A. The extrinsic pathway does not involve calcium ions.
B. The extrinsic pathway is independent of procoagulants.
C. The extrinsic pathway is slower than the intrinsic pathway of blood clotting.
D. The extrinsic pathway is triggered by tissue factor.
The extrinsic pathway is triggered by tissue factor.
What Converts fibrinogen to fibrin ?
Thrombin
What is Fibrin-digesting enzyme?
Plasmin
What Stimulates blood vessel healing ?
Platelet-derived growth factor
Blood type is determined by:
A. antibodies present on the surface of erythrocytes.
B. glycoproteins present in the plasma.
C. antibodies present in the plasma.
D. glycoproteins present on the surface of erythrocytes.
glycoproteins present on the surface of erythrocytes.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can develop when an Rh+ woman is pregnant with an Rh- baby.
A.True
B. False
False
What blood type Would make antibodies to the A agglutinogen but not the B agglutinogen?
Person with type B blood
What blood type Would make antibodies to the B agglutinogen but not the A agglutinogen ?
Person with type A blood
What blood type Would have type A and B agglutinogens ?
AB
What blood type Would make antibodies to the A and B agglutinogens ?
Label the cell stages of erythropoiesis.
Erythroblast
Normoblast
Proerythroblast
Hemocytoblast
Reticulocyte
Erythroblast C
Normoblast D
Proerythroblast B
Hemocytoblast A
Reticulocyte E
Label the image.
Plasma cell
Macrophage
Monocyte
Lymphocyte
Plasma cell D
Macrophage C
Monocyte A
Lymphocyte B
Their deep red nucleus has two lobes connected by a broad band of nuclear material; large, coarse granules stain red with acid dyes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Agranulocytes
Platelets
Eosinophils
Their cytoplasm contains large, coarse granules that stain purplish-black from basic dyes.
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Agranulocytes
Platelets
Basophils
Assist platelets to adhere to the collagen fibers. Von Willebrand factor Tissue factor Prothrombin Thrombin Serum
Von Willebrand factor
Triggers the "shortcut" extrinsic mechanism that bypasses several steps of the intrinsic pathway:
Von Willebrand factor
Tissue factor III
Prothrombin
Thrombin
Serum
Tissue factor III
Catalyzes conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin strands
Von Willebrand factor
Tissue factor III
Prothrombin
Thrombin
Serum
Thrombin
Plasma minus the clotting proteins
Von Willebrand factor
Tissue factor
Prothrombin
Thrombin
Serum
Serum
The final step in clot formation is:
1.formation of prothrombin activator.
2.fibrinogen → fibrin.
3.the release of chemical by platelets.
4.platelet plug formation.
5.prothrombin → thrombin.
fibrinogen → fibrin.
The process of actively metabolizing oxygen to produce bleach and hydrogen to kill bacteria is known as:
1.amoeboid movement.
2.respiratory burst.
3.diapedesis.
4.chemotaxis.
respiratory burst.
Which of the following substances is responsible for limiting a platelet plug to the immediate area of damage?
1.Prostacyclin
2.Adenosine diphosphate
3.Thromboxane A2
4.Serotonin
Prostacyclin
Author
akhambay
ID
149373
Card Set
A&P Chapter 17-Blood
Description
Chapter 17 Review. Definitions, A&P place questions, labs, images
