3010final

  1. Malnutrition is an imbalance between ____________
    energy stores and expenditures
  2. Define protein catabolism
    There is a breakdown by the body of other protein stores; the body is actually harvesting other protein
  3. Protein catabolism leads to ..... (3)
    • 1. decrease in weight
    • 2. decrease in muscle mass
    • 3. impaired functioning of the organs (heart, lungs, GI)
  4. TF: You can be both malnourished and obese
    True
  5. Marasmus
    Calorie intake is low --> wasting body fats and proteins
  6. Kwashiorkor
    Poor quality/quantity of protein, but adequate calories --> person looks okay but may have breakdown of incision lines
  7. Marasmic - Kwashiorkior
    inadequate calories and protein
  8. what two groups tend to be more at risk than other groups for malnutrition
    • very old
    • very young
  9. Give two examples of disease processes that can result in malnutrition.
    • 1. a malabsorptive disease
    • 2. a disease that increases demand like chemo, cancer, trauma
  10. 12-55% of hospitalized patients are malnourished either at the time of admission or during hospitalization. Why?
    • decreased appetite
    • increased metabolic demands
  11. True: 10-85% of ECF residents are judged to be malnourished and often come from an acute setting in this state.
    True
  12. TF: Malnutrition has not been shown to have a long term impact on child development
    False
  13. BMI formula
    weight in lbs/ height in inches^2 * 703
  14. BMI categories
    • -less than 18 is underweight
    • -18-24 is normal
    • -25-29 is overweight
    • -30 is obese
    • -40+ is morbidly obese
  15. Accurate height and weight are very important so how often do we weight patients?
    you need to weight the pt on admission and then weekly.
  16. Regarding unintentional weight loss, what is significant for (1) 30 days, (2) 60 days?
    • Change in 5% in 30 days or
    • 10% in 60 days
  17. hemoglobin to hematocrit ratio. What do abnormals indicate?
    • should be about 1:3.
    • If that is off, it can sometimes give you an idea about dehydration.
  18. Normal for serum albumin. Time frame of sensitivity. Affected by
    • >3.5g/dL
    • 3 week lag time
    • affected by hydration, liver, renal disease
  19. normal for serum transferrin.Time frame of sensitivity.
    • should be > 200
    • 8-10 days
  20. Normal for prealbumin. Time frame of sensitivity. Affected by
    • should be 23-43 mg/dL
    • 2 days
    • alcohol, binge drinking, chronic diseases, prednisone, some other medications.
  21. periactin
    antihistimine to stimulate appetite
  22. megase
    antineoplastic to stimulate appetite
  23. merinol
    medicinal marijuana to decrease nausea and stimulate appetite.
  24. What are three advantages of enteral nutrition?
    • 1. cheaper that parenteral nutrition
    • 2. preserves the functioning of guts (villi and microville which will shrink w/o contact with food).
    • 3. used in multiple settings: home, hospital, ECF
Author
Ygw
ID
148975
Card Set
3010final
Description
new material only
Updated