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Mechanism of action
H-1 receptor antagonist; blocks action of histamine; possesses sedative, anti-motion, antiemetic and anticholinergic activity; potentiates the effects of narcotics to induce analgesia.
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Indications
Nausea, vomiting, motion sickness; sedation for patients in labor; potentiation of analgesic effects of narcotics.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, coma, CNS-depressed patients from alcohol, barbiturates, narcotics, Reye's syndrome.
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Adverse reactions
Sedation, dizziness, impairment of mental and physical ability, arrhythmias,nausea, vomiting, hyperexcitability; halucinations, convulsions, and sudden death when used in children.
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Drug interactions
Additive with other CNS depressants. Increased extrapyramidal effects with MAOIs.
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How supplied
25 and 50 mg/ml in 1-ml ampules and Tubex syringes.
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Dosage and administration
- Adult: 12.5-25mg IV, deep IM, PO, rectally.
- Pediatric: (greater than 2 years old) 0.25-0.5 mg/kg dose IM.
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Duration of action
- Onset: IV: immediate.
- Peak effect: 30-60 minutes
- Duration: 4-6 hours.
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Special considerations
Pregnancy safety: Category C. Use cautiously in patients with asthma, peptic ulcer disease and bone marrow suppression. Do not use in children with vomiting of unknown etiology. Avoid intra-arterial injection. IM injection is preferred route.
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