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What is the Industrial Revolution?
The change from hand to machine manufacturing.
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Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
England.
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When did the Industrial Revolution begin? End?
1750 and is still going on now.
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England had a great ______.
Population
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More babies were being _____, and people lived ______.
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Where did many of the immigrants in England come from?
Scotland and Ireland.
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Where did many of the poor farmers come from in England?
The country side.
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Where did many of the poor farmers go in England? Why?
To the cities.
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What were the poor farmers considered as in England?
Cheap labor.
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England had very rich __________.
Natural resources
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What is a very important fuel?
Coal.
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What was later used to make steel?
Iron
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What was a great source of power?
Water.
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What was used for transportation?
Rivers.
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England had many creative _________.
Inventors
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England had many ___________ investing money in ________.
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England got very wealthy because of _____.
Trade
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What did England espcape during the Napoleonic Wars?
Destruction.
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What did England continue to do?
Sell her products to other European countries.
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Where did the first inventions appear during the Industrial Revolution?
The textile industry.
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How do you produce fabric?
You take the raw material and spin it into thread. Then you would weave the thread into fabric.
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Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
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When was the cotton gin invented?
Around 1790
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What did the cotton gin do?
Seperated the seeds from the cotton.
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The cotton gin did the job of ________.
50 men
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What was an early advancement of technological unemployment?
The cotton gin replacing 50 men.
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Who invented the water frame?
Sir Richard Arkwright.
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What did the water frame do?
It spun very, very strong thread.
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However the _________ was too big for your home. As a result it had to be kept in a __________.
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Who invented the spinning mule?
Samuel Crompton.
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What was the spinning mule?
A hybrid, or cross between the water frame and the spinning jenny.
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What could the spinning mule do?
It could take a pound of cotton and spin it into thread 300, 000 yards long.
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What was a terrific new source of power during the Industrial Revolution?
The Steam Engine.
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Who invented the Steam Engine?
James Watt.
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When was the Steam Engine invented?
1769
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As a result of the Steam Engine, what could factories now do?
They can be built anywhere and not just by water.
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What did the Steam Engine help?
Transportation.
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Who invneted the loco motive?
An Englishmen named George Stephenson.
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What was the nickname for the loco motive called by the inventor?
The "rocket."
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How fast did the loco motive go?
15 mph.
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Who invented the Steam Boat?
Robert Fulton.
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Why was coal very important?
It was used to process Iron.
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What percentage of our electricity comes from coal?
50%.
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Who invented the converter?
Henry Bessemer.
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What did the converter do?
Made steel fast and cheap.
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The people worked long hours for _________.
Little money
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When it was busy it was ________ hours a _________ an hour?
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The conditions were ________ and they had __________ and no __________.
- Unsafe
- Poor health
- Appetite
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People didn't get enough _______ and they were _______ if they were late or slow.
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They had no ________ education.
Formal
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At first there were no ________ to protect them.
Laws
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They were very afraid of _________ since they needed the _________, or they would ________.
- Being fired
- Money
- Starve to death
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What do we have today to protect workers?
Unions
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Today the government does what to protect workers?
Pass Laws.
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Who was Karl Marx?
A famous Socialist.
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Who did the bourgeoisie refer to?
The boss, or the capatalists who owns the factories or the mines.
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Who did the Proletariat refer to?
To the poor worker who was abused and exploited.
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Proletariat workers were paid ________ money.
Very little
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What is surplus value?
When there's too much profit being made.
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Who was making the surplus value?
The bourgeoisie.
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What did Marx want for the workers?
For them to unite and fight abuse.
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What did Marx feel the Proletariat going to do?
Form a dictatorship.
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Marx felt that the united workers would ________.
Revolt
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Marx also felt the workers would overthrow the ________? The the Proleteriat would have_________?
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Karl Marx wanted everyone _________ in this society and _________ would exist.
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Under Communism, the government would control and own?
Production and Distribution.
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Where did Communism first start?
Russia.
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How long did Communism last in Russia?
Until 1989.
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Where does Communism still exist?
- Vietnam
- North Korea
- China
- Cuba
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When did the USSR reject communism?
After 1989.
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How many former republics of the USSR want freedom today?
18
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What does autonomy mean?
The power of self rule.
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What did the former Soviets want?
Democracy and Capitalism.
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