-
Passive Transport
- Relaxed; doesn't require effort.
- Moves across.
-
Diffusion
- Movements of particles.
- From high pressure to lowest.
-
Osmosis
- Movement of H20 through a semipermeable membrane.
- (Filtered)
-
Isotonic Solution
- Solutions have same amount of particles inside and outside membrane.
- Homeostasis (Balance)
-
Hypotonic Solution
- Less electrolytes on one side of membrane.
- Hypo (Under)
- Hemolysis
-
Hypertonic Solution
- More electrolytes on on side of membrane.
- Hyper (Over)
- Crenation
-
Solution
Solvent
Solute
- Particle being dissolved on H20
- Water
- Electrolyte
-
Active Transport
- Requires energy.
- Cell has to work.
-
Phagocytosis
- To eat cells.
- (ex: Pacman, engulfs and enters the cell)
-
What is ENERGY?
The ability to do work.
-
Conservation of Energy
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
- Energy is transferred.
-
Conservation of Matter
Matter cannot be created or destroyed.
-
What is the speed of light?
186,000 miles/second
-
Kenetic Energy
- The energy of motion.
- Force of gravity.
- (ex: A person jumping off of a ladder.)
-
Potential Energy
- The energy an object has due to location or arrangement.
- (ex: The energy contained by water behind a dam.)
-
Heat is a type of __________ Energy contained in the random motion of molecules or atoms.
- Kenetic
- Faster molecules, more heat.
-
Entropy
- Measure of disorder or randomness.
- (ex: Heat rises, entropy goes up.)
-
A cell converts the energy of each glucose molecule to __ __ ATP.
38
-
ATP is ________________ .
- Basic unit of fuel.
- Adenosine Triphosphate.
-
2 body cells that need O2 are?
- Nerve Cells (brain/spinal cord)
- Skeletal Muscle Cells
-
Aerobic Respiration
- Breathing.
- Cell level O2 to cells.
-
Aerobic Capacity
How much O2 is taken into the cell.
-
Anaerobic Respiration
- Energy production w/o O2.
- (ex: Cramping muscles.)
-
Plants provide:
- Oxygen
- Sugar
- Energy (from the sun)
- (Decomposed: Fertilizer, Coal, Oil Products)
-
Photosynthesis
Converting light energy to chemical energy.
-
Autotroph
- Living things that make their own food.
- (ex: Plants)
-
Heterotroph
- Do not make their own food; obtains food from diff sources.
- (ex: eating)
-
Producers
- Plants.
- Make their own food.
-
Consumers
- Animals.
- Eat food made by producers.
-
Decomposers
- Fungus.
- Break down dead matter.
-
Photosynthesis
- "Light Making"
- The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
-
What is produced by photosynthesis?
- Glucose (sugar)
- Oxygen (O2)
- In the Chloroplast
-
-
Cellular Respiration
- Breathing O2 in aerobic respiration.
- 38 ATP
-
Fermentation
- Anaerobic (No O2)
- By-products > Lactic Acid, Ethyl Alcohol (drinking)
-
Catabolic
Break down give off energy.
-
Energy
Ability to do work.
-
Oxydation
Loss of electron from a substance.
-
Reduction
- Addition of electrons to a substance.
- Reduces the charge (-)
-
Enzymes
- Proteins used as catalysts.
- Speed up or accelerate reactions.
-
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
Energy
-
Oxidizing Agent
Electron acceptor.
-
Reducing Agent
Electron Donor
-
Glycolysis
- Yields 2 ATP
- Doesn't require O2
-
Krebs Cycle
- Yields 2 ATP
- Doesn't require O2
-
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