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cell theory, 4 generalizations:
- 1. all living organisms are made up of cells
- 2. smallest living organism is one cell, multicellular organism made up of many cells woking together.
- 3. all cells came from preexisting cells
- 4. cells contain hereditary material (DNA) that is passed on to cells they produce
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cell
fundamental unit of life
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8 characteristics of life
- complex/organized
- growth/develop
- metabolize
- reproduce
- evolves
- responds to stimuli
- homeostasis
- DNA
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surface area
the sum of all the areas of all the shapes that cover the surface of the area
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volume
the amount of space, measured in cubic units, that an object or substance occupies
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2 types of cells:
- prokaryotic: do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. (only single-cell organisms; the bacteria and Archaea)
- have no membrane enclosed organelles
- eukaryotic: possess a membrane enclosed nucleus
- organelles
- cytoskeleton
- 2 types, animal and plant
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organelles
- membrane bound structures within the cell
- each with its own function
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cytoskeleton
- network of protein fibers
- gives shape to cell and many arganelles attach to it
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animal vs plant cells
- animal: lysosomes, centrioles, flagella
- plant: chloroplast, central vacuole, tonoplast
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