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What is the net ATP of aerobic respiration?
36 ATP
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What is broken down in glycolysis?
glucose
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The breaking down of glucose in glycolysis results in...
2 pyruvate
-
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In order for glycolysis to occur, ______ is needed as activation energy.
2 ATP
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Glycolysis
glucose -> 2 _______ -> 2 pyruvate
PGAL
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Gylcolysis occurs in the....
cytoplasm
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In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate will enter ______________
anaerobic fermentation
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two types of anaerobic fermentation
alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation
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alcohol fermentation produces..
Carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol
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fermentation is important because it replenishes....
NAD+
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In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate enters...
aerobic respiration
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aerobic respiration occurs in the
mitochondria
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The first step of aerobic respiration is the _________________ so the molecule can enter the kreb cycle
transition step
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In the transition step, this enzyme combines with 2 carbons from pyruvate
co-enzyme A
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The molecule created by co enzyme A and 2 carbons from pyruvate is called...
acetyl coenzyme A
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The 6 carbon molecule created as the first step in the Kreb's cycle is called
citric acid
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As citric acid is converted to a 5 carbon molecule, this "comes off" the cycle...
1 CO2 and 1 NADH is created
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What is created/comes off in the Kreb's Cycle as the 5 carbon molecule is changed into a 4 carbon molecule?
1 CO2, 1 NADH and 1 ATP
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As the 4 carbon molecule releases its extra electrons moving up the cycle, these molecules are created
1 NADH and 1 FADH2
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The overall net for the kreb's cycle is:
- one cycle: 1 ATP, 4 NADH, 1 FADH2
- one glucose: 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2
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The Kreb's cycle occurs in the
matrix
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high energy molecules that transport electrons to the ETC
NADH and FADH2
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the ETC occurs in the
cristae or membrane
-
As NADH and FADH2 donate electrons to ETC this uses the energy to escape to the intermembrane space
H+
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the electrons move through a series of _________ in the ETC
proteins
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at the end of the ETC, the electron is used in the creation of ______
H2O
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the build up of H+ in the intermembrane space creates a
concentration gradient
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The concentration gradient "pushes" the H+ through this enzyme embedded in the membrane
ATP synthase
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as H+ flows through ATP synthase, it turns....creating_-
ATP
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This is the ATP net gain of ETC
32 ATP
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The H+ coming back into the matrix join with _________ to make water
molecular oxygen
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overall equation of cellular respiration
glucose + oxygen -> water + energy + carbon dioxide
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