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Albumin
- a protein that aids in circulating/transporting hormones and medications
- determine liver and kidney function
- helps in regulating blood
- low albumin can suggest liver disease or inability for the kidneys to retain albumin (lost in urine)
- low albumin can be seen in malnutrition and inflammation
- high levels of albumin can be seen in dehydration
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Alkaline Phosphate (ALP)
- located in the liver
- used to help detect liver disease
- increased amounts of ALP indicate liver dysfunction, which may cause build up of toxins in the liver (liver filter function)
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Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
- helps to detect, diagnose, and evalute the severity of heart failure
- increased BNP indicates worsening HF
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Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- used along with creatinine test to evaluate kidney function
- increased BUN suggests impair kidney function
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C-reactive protein (CRP)
non-specific test used to identify inflammation (systemic)
high CRP may indicate inflammation; however, will not indicate the location or the condition causing it
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CBC w/ diff
- broad screening used to test disorders (such as anemia and infection)
- consists of WBC, RBC, hemoglobin (amount of O2 carrying protein), hematocrit, platelet count
- decrease in RBC and hemoglobin may indicate anemia
- increase in hematocrit equals low blood volume
- decreased hematocrit = high blood volume
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Electrolytes
used to identify or monitor electrolyte or acid-base imbalances
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Homocytesine
- used to determine if a person is vitaminB12 or folate deficiency
- maybe ordered for people who are at risk for heart attack or stroke
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Lipid profile
- used to determine the risk for coronary heart disease
- consists of cholesterol (HDL and LDL) and triglycerides
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PT/PTT
- measures the ability for the blood to clot and it can help diagnose bleeding disorders
- prolong or increased PT suggests the blood istaking too long to clot
- increased PT suggests liver dysfunction because platelets are orginated from the liver
- PT has been adjusted to INR (international normalized ratio) for patient using anti-coagulants
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Troponin I
- used for people who report having chest pain, which may indicate a heart attack
- elevated level suggests damage to the heart (heart attack)
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Type, screen & cross match
used for blood transfusion
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