-
1. glucocorticoids
- o immunosuppressant - inhibitor of gene expression
- o increases IkB expression, thereby curtailing activation of NFkB, which increases apoptosis of activated cells.
- o Downregulates expression of IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNFa
- o T cells are inhibited from making IL-2 and proliferating
- o anti-thyroid adjuvant
-
2. basiliximab
- o Immunosuppressant
- o anti-CD25, IL-2 antagonist
-
3. daclizumab
- o Immunosuppressant
- o anti-CD25, IL-2 antagonist
-
4. sirolimus
- o Immunosuppressant
- o mTOR inhibitor by binding FKBP-12, inhibits proliferation
-
5. everolimus
- o Immunosuppressant
- o mTOR inhibitor by binding FKBP-12, inhibits proliferation
-
6. azathioprine
- o cytotoxic immunosuppressant
- o purine synthesis inhibitor
- o prodrug, aza to 6-MP to T-IMP (inhibits IMPDH) to 6-TGMP (encorporates in DNA)
-
7. methotrexate
- o cytotoxic immunosuppressant/anti-RA
- o inhibits dihydrate folate reductase (DHFR)
-
8. mycophenolate mofetil
- o cytotoxic immunosuppressant
- o prodrug, MMF to MPA, inhibits IMPDH type 2 (enzyme for guanosine formation)
-
9. cyclosporine (CsA)
- o immunosuppressant
- o calcineurin inhibitor by binding cyclophilin, downregulates IL-2
-
10. tacrolimus
- o immunosuppressant
- o calcineurin inhibitor by binding FKBP-12, downregulates IL-2
-
11. etanercept
- o cytokine inhibitor, immunosuppressant, anti-RA
- o anti-TNF-alpha
-
12. infliximab
- o cytokine inhibitor, immunosuppressant, anti-RA
- o chimeric IgG1, anti-TNF-alpha
-
13. Ustekinumab
- o cytokine inhibitor, immunosuppressant
- o Inhibitor of IL-12 and IL-23, binds p40
-
14. antithymocyte globulin (ATG)
- o Immune cell depleter
- o Antibodies bind CD2/3/4/8/11a/18/25/44/45, HLA class 1 and 2 on T,B, NK cells
-
15. muromonab
- o Immune cell depleter
- o Anti-CD3 (OKT3)
- o Internalization of TCR
-
16. rituximab
- o Immune cell depleter, anti-RA
- o Anti-CD20, depletes mature B-cells
-
17. daclizumab
- o Immune cell depleter
- o Anti-CD25 (Anti-IL-2R),
- o humanized IgG1
-
18. basiliximab
- o Immune cell depleter
- o Anti-CD25 (Anti-IL-2R)
- o chimeric IgG1
-
19. alemtuzumab
- o Immune cell depleter
- o Anti-CD52
-
20. alefacept
- o Immune cell depleter
- o binds CD2, inhibiting LFA-3/CD2 interaction
-
21. abatacept
- o inhibitor of costimulation
- o CTLA-4/IgG1
- o binds CD80 and CD86 (B7) on APC
-
22. belatacept
- o inhibitor of costimulation
- o CTLA-4/IgG1
- o binds CD80 and CD86 (B7) on APC
-
23. Levamisole
- o Immunostimulant
- o �Restore" depressed immune function of B- & T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages
-
24. thalidomide
- o Immunostimulant
- o Inhibits TNFa synthesis
- o Inhibits basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis
-
25. Bacillus Calmette-Gu�rin (BCG)
- o Immunostimulant
- o induces a granulomatous reaction against tumors
-
26. IFNa-2b (intron A)
- o Immunostimulant
- o proteins in response to viral infection
-
27. avonex
- o IFNb-1a
- o antiviral/immunomodulatory
- o MOA unclear
-
28. betaseron
- o IFNb-1b
- o antiviral/immunomodulatory
- o MOA unclear
-
29. actimmune
- o immunomodulator
- o IFN-gamma-1b
- o activates phagocytes, generation of oxygen metabolites
-
30. Aldesleukin
- o Immunostimulator
- o human recombinant IL-2
-
31. intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
- o immunostimulator
- o Modulation of expression and function of Fc
- o receptors
-
32. epoietin alfa
- o anti-anemic
- o recombinant human EPO
- o binds JAK2 associated receptor
-
33. darbapoietin alfa
- o anti-anemic
- o recombinant human EPO
- o binds JAK2 associated receptor
- o (longer half life)
-
34. deferoxamine
- o iron toxicity antidote
- o Fe chelator
-
35. ferrous sulfate
- o anti-anemic
- o oral Fe 2+
- o iron supplement
-
36. iron dextran
- o anti-anemic
- o parenteral iron supplement
- o macrophage dependent
-
37. Na+ ferric gluconate
- o anti-anemic
- o parenteral iron supplement
- o preferred agent, 80% to transferrin
-
38. iron sucrose
- o anti-anemic
- o parenteral iron supplement
-
39. pteroylglutamic acid
- o anti-anemic
- o folic acid supplement
-
40. mecasermin
recombinant human IGF-1
-
41. lanreotide
- o somatostatin analog
- o inhibits GH
-
42. octreotide
- o somatostatin analog
- o inhibits GH
-
43. pasireotide
- o somatostatin analog
- o inhibits GH
-
44. pegvisomant
GHR antagonist
-
45. cabergoline
- o dopamine agonist
- o suppress prolactin secretion
-
46. bromocryptine
- o dopamine agonist
- o suppress prolactin secretion
-
47. gonadorelin
GnRH agonist
-
48. goserelin
GnRH agonist
-
49. leuprolide depot
GnRH agonist
-
50. ganirelix
GnRH ant-agonist
-
51. cetrorelix
GnRH ant-agonist
-
52. menotropins
impure FSH and LH
-
53. urofollitropin
uFSH with monoclonal antibodies
-
54. follitropin-alpha or beta
rFSH
-
55. choriogonadotropin alpha
rhCG
-
56. Novarel, Pregnyl, Profasi
urine derived hCG
-
-
58. Atosiban
- o oxytocin antagonist
- o tocolytic
-
59. levothyroxine sodium
T4 hormone
-
60. liothyronine sodium
T3 hormone
-
61. liotrix
combo T3 and T4
-
62. propylthiouracil
- o thioamide
- o anti-thyroid, binds thyroglobulin peroxidase
-
63. methimazole
- o thioamide
- o anti-thyroid, binds thyroglobulin peroxidase
-
64. carbimazole
- o thioamide
- o anti-thyroid, binds thyroglobulin peroxidase
-
65. perchlorate
- o ClO4-
- o anionic inhibitor
- o anti-thyroid agent
- o inhibit Na/I symporter
-
66. fluoroborate
- o BF4-
- o anionic inhibitor
- o anti-thyroid agent
- o inhibit Na/I symporter
-
67. pertechnate
- o TcO4-
- o anionic inhibitor
- o anti-thyroid agent
- o inhibit Na/I symporter
-
68. iodide
- o anti-thyroid
- o high amounts inhibit hormone release
-
69. Lithium
- o anti-thyroid adjuvant
- o inhibits release of thyroid hormone
-
70. amiodarone
- o anti-thyroid adjuvant
- o blocks T4--> T3 conversion, blocks T3 binding, blocks iodide organification
-
71. propranolol
- o anti-thyroid adjuvant
- o treats sympathetic effects of thyrotoxicosis
-
72. mifepristone
- o Anti-adrenocorticosteroid
- o blocks progesterone receptor
- o competes with progesterone and GC
- o for Cushings
-
73. fondaparinux
LMW heparin
-
74. protamine sulfate
bleeding antidote
-
75. lepirudin
- o non-heparin parenteral
- o direct thrombin inhibitor
-
76. bivalirudin
- o non-heparin parenteral
- o direct thrombin inhibitor
-
77. argatroban
- o non-heparin parenteral
- o thrombin inhibitor
-
78. drotrecogin alfa
- o non-heparin parenteral
- o serine protease/protein C
-
79. warfin
- o oral anticoagulant
- o Antagonist of vitamin K-dependent synthesis of coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X
-
80. dabigatran etexilate
- o oral anticoagulant
- o reversibly blocks the active site of thrombin
-
81. aspirin
- o antiplatelet
- o COX-1 inhibitor
-
82. ticlopidine
- o antiplatelet
- o purinergic receptor antagonist
- o blocks the P2Y12 receptor
-
83. clopidogrel
- o anti-platelet
- o purine receptor antagonist
- o blocks P2Y12 receptor
-
84. abciximab
- o antiplatelet
- o GP 2b/3a antagonist
-
85. eptifibatide
- o antiplatelet
- o GP 2b/3a antagonist
-
86. tirofiban
- o antiplatelet
- o GP 2b/3a antagonist
-
87. streptokinase
- o fibrinolytic
- o binds plasminogen noncovalently, exposing for cleavage
-
88. alteplase
- o fibrinolytic
- o recombinant tPA
-
89. reteplase
- o fibrinolytic
- o recombinant tPA (longer t1/2)
-
90. Tamoxifen
- o antiestrogen --SERM
- o decrease proliferation of ER+ breast cancer cells
-
91. clomiphene
- o estrogen antagonist
- o increases FSH, induce ovulation
-
92. fulvestrant
- o pure anti-estrogen
- o for tamoxifen resistant breast cancer
-
93. exemestane
- o type 1 anti-aromatase
- o non-competetive suicide inhibitors
-
94. letrozole
- o anti-aromatase
- o reversible, binds CYP heme moiety
-
95. anatrozole
- o anti-aromatase
- o reversible, binds CYP heme moiety
-
96. premarin
- o estrogen
- o oral mixture of equine sulfates of estrone
-
97. norgestrel
- o progesterone only contraceptive
- o 75 ug
-
98. medroxyprogesterone acetate
- o pregnane progestin
- o for menopausal HT
-
99. norethindrone
- o estrane progestin
- o for progesterone only contraception
-
100. norgestimate
- o gonane progestin
- o for contraception
-
101. levonorgestrel
gonane progestin
-
102. finasteride
- o 5-alpha reductase inhibitor
- o inhibitor at type 2, blocks DHT formation
-
103. dutasteride
- o 5-alpha reductase inhibitor
- o inhibitor at type 1 and 2, blocks DHT formation
-
104. flutamide
- o androgen receptor antagonist
- o blocks testosterone effects
-
105. bicalutamide
- o androgen receptor antagonist
- o blocks testosterone effects
-
106. nilutamide
- o androgen receptor antagonist
- o blocks testosterone effects
-
107. calcitriol
vitamin D3
-
108. ergocalciferol, dihydrotachysterol
- o vitamin D2
- o for hypoparathyroidism
-
109. doxercalciferol, paricalcitol
vitamin D2
-
110. cinacalcet
- o type 1 calcimimetic
- o full agonist, enhances CaSR sensitivity
-
111. phenylalkylamine
- o Type 2 calcimimetic
- o allosteric CaSR modulators, requires calcium
-
112. lanthanum
phosphate binder to decrease its absorption
-
113. sevelamer
phosphate binder to decrease its absorption
-
114. raloxifene
- o SERM
- o agonist in bone (antiresorptive), antagonist in breast and endometrium
-
115. salmon calcitonin
anti-resorptive
-
116. denosumab
- o human RANKL mAb IgG2
- o prevent RANKL--RANK binding on osteoclasts
-
117. alendronate
- o 2nd generation bisphosphonate
- o inhibit FPPS
-
118. ibandronate
- o 2nd generation bisphosphonate
- o inhibit FPPS
-
119. risedronate
- o 3rd generation bisphosphonate
- o inhibit FPPS
-
120. zoledronate
- o 3rd generation bisphosphonate
- o inhibit FPPS
-
121. glucosamine
- o anti-OA
- o stimulates synthesis of proteoglycans
-
122. chondroitin
- o anti-OA
- o supposed chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects
-
123. synvisc (hyaluronic acid)
- o anti-OA
- o Improves viscosity/elastic properties of synovial fluid
-
124. BMP-7
- o anti-OA
- o stimulates collagen proteoglycan and hyaluronic acid synthesis; slows cartilage breakdown by inhibiting IL-1
-
125. FGF-18
- o anti-OA
- o Coordinates chondrocyte and osteoblast growth and differentiation
-
126. Pralnacasan and AMG-108
- o anti-OA
- o IL-1 inhibitors
- o NOT effective
-
127. tanezumab
- o anti-OA
- o humanized IgG2 monoclonal AB against NGF
-
128. sulfasalazine/mesalamine
- o anti-RA, DMARD
- o increase folate, decrease IL-1/NFkB, decrease ROS
-
129. hydroxychloroquine
- o anti-RA, DMARD
- o acidic pH in cell lysosomes
-
130. leflunomide
- o anti-RA, DMARD
- o dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor
-
131. adalimumab
- o biologic anti-RA
- o fully human recombinant IgG1 anti-TNF? mAb
-
132. golimumab
- o biologic anti-RA
- o fully human recombinant IgG1 anti-TNF? mAb
-
133. certolizumab pegol
- o biologic anti-RA
- o humanized PEGprotein; murine anti-TNF? Ab in variable domains
-
134. anakinra
- o biologic anti-RA
- o fully humanized recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist
-
135. abatacept
- o biologic anti-RA
- o CTLA-4 binding region fused to human IgG1 Fc
-
136. tocilizumab
- o biologic anti-RA
- o fully humanized mAb/ IL-6 receptor antagonist
-
137. indomethacin, sulindac, naproxen, celecoxib
- o anti-gout agents
- o NSAIDS
-
138. allopurinol
- o anti-gout agent
- o xanthine oxidase inhibitor
-
139. febuxostat
- o anti-gout agent
- o xanthine oxidase inhibitor
-
140. probenacid
- o anti-gout agent
- o Inhibits URAT-1; increases uric acid excretion
-
141. colchicine
- o acute gout relief, second line
- o blocks microtubule formation
-
142. rasburicase
- o anti-gout agent
- o recombinant urate oxidase inhibitor
-
143. pegloticase
- o anti-gout agent
- o pegylated recombinant urate oxidase inhibitor
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