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Recitative
- Speech like rhythm
- Slow harmonic rhythm
- Through-composed
- Duple meter
- Many repeated notes
- No musical motives
- No repeated text
- Syllabic
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Arioso
- Speech like rhythm and fast harmonic rhythm OR lyrical and slow harmonic rhythm.
- Can either be through composed or strophic
- Duple meter
- Can either have many repeated notes or few repeated notes
- No musical motives, but can have one
- Can have either repeated text or not.
- Syllabic but can be melismatic
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Aria
- Lyrical
- Fast hramonic rhythm
- (Strophic)
- Triple meter
- Few repeated notes
- Can have motives
- Can have repeated text
- Melismatic
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What was an Academy?
A group of gentleman amateurs who shared a common interest.
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What was a famous Academy we discussed in class?
Camerata
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Who was the single most important person in the academy?
The Patron, he provided you a place to meet. In 1570 it was Bardi
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Who were the composers/performers in the Camerata?
- Caccini
- Caralieri
- Peri, occassionally
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Who was the theorist in the Camerata?
Galilei
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Who were the poets on the Camerata?
- Strozzi
- Rinuccini
- Striggio, occassionally
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What year was the La Pellegrina?
1589
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Who was responsible for the music for La Pellegrina?
The Camerata
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What was the theme of the La Pellegrina?
The power of Ancient Music.
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What was an Intermedio?
The music in between the acts of the rival Italian plays in the 15th C.
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Five terms for the bass line
- Basso continuo
- Continuo
- Figured Bass
- Unfigured Bass
- Thoroughbass
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Describe Bass Continuo
A bass line from which you were expected to improvise chords and was performed on a polyphonic instrument like organ, harpsichord. and lute.
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Describe figured bass
Sometimes in the bass line they would give you numbers for the inversions or suspensions
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Define monody
A solo voice with a very simple accompaniment
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What were the two ways of writing in the 16th-17th century?
Prima and Second parctica
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Describe Prima Practica
- Music more important than the text.
- Must follow rules of counterpoint.
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Describe secunda practica
- Early baroque period
- Text more important than music
- Many break any rules to bring out text
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Define concerto in the early Baroque
Voices and instruments together
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Name the three styles of music in the 17th century
Sacred, Chamber, and theatrical
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Describe Sacred music in the 17th century?
- M&Ms, for 4-8 voices acappela, prima practica
- M&Ms, with organ and/or divided choirs, prima practica
- M&Ms, concerto style, prima practica
- M&Ms, concerto style, secunda practica
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Describe the ABA'B'A" form
- A - Solo/tutti
- B - Solo
- A' - Tutti
- B' - Solo
- A" - Tutti
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Describe oratorios
- Secunda practica
- Dramatic, narrative, and tells a story
- Chorus, soloist, and/or instruments
- Doesn't take place during lent
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What were the two types of the main varities
Latino and Prose text
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Describa Latino
- Has a latin text
- Single parts therefore shorter 10-30 min
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Prose text
- Has text in the vernacular which essentially means in Italian
- Poetry text
- 2 parts therefore longer thatn 30-90 min
- Not always performed in a church
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When and where did opera begin
Florence, in 1600
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When did the first public opera house open and where?
1637, in Venice
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What are the three ingredients of an opera?
Music, text, set
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