histology of the nervous system(exam4)

  1. what are the 2 cell types of the nervous system?
    • 1.stroma of the nervous system->neuroglial cells (glia=glue)
    • 2.Parenchyma of the nervous system->neurons (the functional cells)
  2. what does the neuroglial cells provide & what is it a common source of?
    • a. they provide physical and/or metabolic support for the functional cells
    • b.they are a common source of nervous system tumors->gliomas
  3. what parenchyma of the nervous system->neurons?
    the functional cells
  4. what are the 4 types of neuroglial cells in the CNS?
    • 1.Astrocytes
    • 2.Oligodendrocytes
    • 3.Ependyma Cells
    • 4. Microglial cells
  5. what is the 1 type of neuroglial cell in the periheral nervous system(PNS)?
    schwann cells
  6. which neuroglial cell in the CNS is star shaped cells with numerous "processes"
    astrocytes
  7. which neuroglial cells in the CNS have some processes that wrap around (twine) adjacent neurons providing physical support?
    astocytes
  8. which neuroglial cells in the CNS have some processes that wrap around adjacent capillaries->which provides metabolic support?
    astrocytes
  9. why do astrocytes have some processes wrap around adjacent capillaries?
    it creates a pathway for the exchange of nutrients and wastes through the astrocyte.
  10. when astrocytes processes wrap around adjacent capillaries creating a pathway for the exchange of nutrients and waste through the astrocyte the neuron is not in direct contact with the blood vessel so in par is responsible for what?
    "blood-brain barrier"
  11. (astrocyte) when a neuron is not in direct contact with the blood vessel and is in part is responsible for "blood-brain barrier" what does it isolate?
    it isolates brain neurons from bloodstream
  12. (astrocyte)what happens when the brain neurons are isolated from blood stream?
    • a.minimizes chances for infection
    • b.difficult to treat a CNS infection because it is isolated from immune system
  13. (astrocytes) what would happen if blood-brain barrier should fail
    auto immune disease
  14. which neuroglial cells in the CNS have a star shaped cells w/fewer processes than astrocytes?
    oligodendrocytes
  15. which neuroglial cells in the CNS form semi-rigid connective tissue rows->providing physical support?
    oligodendrocytes
  16. which neuroglial cells in the CNS has a process that can wrap around a neuron multiple times forming a "myolin sheath"?
    oligodendrocytes
  17. when an oligodendrocytes process wraps around a neuron multiple times forming a myolin sheath what does a lipid covering it do?
    a lipid covering that insulates the neuron electrically
  18. which neuroglial cells in the CNS has small cells-> similar to epithelial cells->vary in shape from squamous to columnar?
    ependyma cells
  19. which neuroglial cells in the CNS form continuous sheets that line fluid filled spaces inside the CNS->ventricles and canals(filled with cerebrospinal fluid)(CSP)?
    ependyma cells
  20. when ependyma cells form continuous sheets that line fluid filled spaces inside the CNS->ventricles and canals(filled with cerebrospinal fluid)(CSP) what does it provide to the adjacent neurons?
    it provides physical support for the adjacent neurons
  21. what does it mean that many ependyma cells are ciliated
    they play a role in circulation of verebrospinal fluid
  22. which neuroglial cells in the CNS has small cells with few processes-> but the processes are highly branched?
    microglial cells
  23. which neuroglial cells in the CNS are normally stationary->but migrate to the site of tissue injury in response to chemical signals?
    microglial cells
  24. which neuroglial cells in the CNS have phagocytic cells that engulf microbe and cellular debris just white blood cells(may be derived from monocytes)?
    microglial cells
  25. (microglial cells) what is a critical function since the CNS is isolated from the immune system?
    phagocytic cells->engulf microbes and cellular debris just white blood cells( may be derived from monocytes)
  26. which neuroglial cells in the CNS often wrap around neurons producing 2 layers?
    schwann cells
  27. what are the two layers produced by the schwann cells after they wrap around neurons?
    inner & outter layer
  28. what is the inner layer of a schwann cell that is produced after they wrap around neurons?
    white, lipid segmented covering->myelin sheath( insulate the neuron-dectrically)
  29. what is the outter layer of a schwann cell that is produced after they wrap around neurons?
    cytoplasm & schwann cell organelles-> neurolemma
  30. what neuroglial cells in the CNS is this representing?

    Image Upload 2
    astrocytes
  31. what neuroglial cells in the CNS is this representing?

    Image Upload 4
    oligodendrocytes
  32. what neuroglial cells in the CNS is this representing

    Image Upload 6
    oligodendrocytes
  33. Image Upload 8
    a. what does each segment represent?
    b.what is b?
    • a.each segment represents one schwann cell
    • b.unmyelinated gaps between the schwann cells->Nodes of Ranvier
  34. what does the schwann cell do developmentally?
    it elongates and grows around neuron producing multiple layers of cell membrane-> the myelin sheath
  35. wjat does the schwann cell wrap around?
    the neuron process
  36. Image Upload 10
    • a.myelin sheath
    • b.neurolemma->cytoplasm and organelles of schwann cell
    • c.oligediocyte
    • d.myelin sheath
    • f.CNS
    • g.PNS
  37. what two roles does the neurolemma play in regeneration of neurons?
    • 1. provides a mold for rebuilding the damaged neuron
    • 2. provides metabolic support for the repair
  38. what happens is a neuron is destroyed, it is lost and not replaced?
    no mitotic ability
  39. if the neuron cell body is intact-> the damage will reapair only if...
    and will the neurons in the PNS or CNS reapair?
    • only if a neurolemma is present!!!
    • 1.neurons in PNS may repair
    • 2.Neurons in the CNS do not normally repair
Author
rcrchick
ID
14639
Card Set
histology of the nervous system(exam4)
Description
exam4
Updated