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Buffon
thought species were created then evolved
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Hutton
gradual geological change
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lamarck
- mechanism of species change
- use and disuse of body parts and the inheritance of acquired characteristics
- The mechanisms he proposed are unsupported by evidence
- Does correlate with the idea
- of gradual change
- Not correct
- If a girrafe stretches neck and has a long neck, then its offspring would have an even longer neck in order to survive
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Cuvier
- catastrophism
- Paleontology, the study of fossils, was largely developed by French scientist Georges Cuvier
- Cuvier advocated catastrophism, speculating that each boundary between strata represents a catastrophe
- STRATA- layer in rock and soil that is due to volcano eruption.
- Anything that survived was left to populate the earth
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smith
sequense of fossils
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Darwin
evolution, natural selection
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wallace
evolution, natural selection
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Paleontology
- Paleontology, the study of fossils, was largely developed by French scientist Georges Cuvier
- Cuvier advocated catastrophism, speculating that each boundary between strata represents a catastrophe
- STRATA- layer in rock and soil that is due to volcano eruption.
- Anything that survived was left to populate the earth
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uniformitarianism
- uniformitarianism (Lyell and Hutton): states that the mechanisms of change are constant over time- rivers flow and leave sediment and shape rocks ect
- This view strongly influenced Darwin’s thinking- species can only evolve if there was a long time
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Descent with Modification
- 5 year around the world voyage on the Beagle
- observed and took notes on Gallopagos Islands on everything
- Origen of Species
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- -Unity of life
- -Diversity of life
- -How it relates to Organisms and their environment
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The Voyage of the Beagle
- collected specimens of South American plants and animals
- observed that fossils resembled living species from the same region, and
- living species resembled other species from nearby regions
- During earthquake in Chile and observed the uplift of rocks- showed how long it took to make layers
- was influenced by Lyell’s Principles of Geology and thought that the earth was more than 6000 years old
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Variation in a population of snails
- Unity and diversity
- Shape same but patterns different
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Evolution is supported by an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence
- 1) direct observations
- Resistant bacteria, cockroaches, embryology
- 2) Homology
- anatomical (arm bones); molecular (DNA)
- 3) fossil record
- different organisms at different times; whales evolved from land animals
- 4) Biogeography
- Pangaea, horses evolved on N. America
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