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Which nerves are motor, sensory, or both?
Some say money matters, but my brother says big brains matter more
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What are the twelve pairs of cranial nerves called?
- 1. Olfactory
- 2. Optic
- 3. Oculomotor
- 4. Trochlear
- 5. Trigeminal
- 6. Abducens
- 7. Facial
- 8. Vistibulocochlear
- 9. Glossopharyngeal
- 10. Vagus
- 11. Accessory
- 12. Hypoglossal
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What mnemonic can be used to help remember the twelve pairs of cranial nerves?
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What is the passageway of the olfactory nerves?
starts in the mucosa of the superior nasal conchae, passes through the cribriform plate, past the thalamus, and goes to cerebral cortex of the temporal lobes
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What is the united of the two optic nerves known as?
optic chiasma
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What happens to the nerve fibes that arise from the medial half of each retina?
crosses over
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What happens to the nerve fibers that arise from the lateral half of each retina?
Stay on the same side
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What can happen to with eyesight if a pituitary tumor grows superiorly?
bitemporal hemianopia (blindness in the temporal field of vision in both eyes)
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What can increased intracranial pressure do to the eye?
lead to papilledema (bulging of back of eye) observed via funduscopic examination
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Where does the oculomotor nerve originate from?
the mesencephalon
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What can trauma to the oculomotor nerve cause?
ipsilateral palsy (loss of function on the same side of the head)
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Where does the trochlear nerve originate and what does it do?
- mesencephalon
- controls downward and lateral movement of the eyeball
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What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?
- opthalmic nerve branch: superior orbital fissure
- mixillary nerve branch: foramen rotundum
- mandibular nerve branch: foramen ovale
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What causes photic sneeze reflex?
cross wiring of the maxillary nerve branch of the trigeminal nerve and optic nerves
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Where does the abducens originate and what does it do?
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What are the motor and sensory functions of the facial nerve?
- Motor: facial muscles and stimulation of salivary glands
- Sensory: chemoreceptors for sweet on anterior portion of the tongue
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What are the two branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve?
- vestibular branch: equilibrium
- cochlear branch: hearing
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What are the motor and sensory functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
- Motor: swallowing reflex and secretion of saliva by parotid gland
- Sensory: chemoreceptors for bitter taste on back portion of tongue
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What is the longest cranial nerve and only one to leave the confines of the head and neck?
vagus nerve
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What are the motor and sensory functions of the vagus nerve?
- Motor: pharynx and larynx muscles
- Sensory: receives input from ears, pharynx, larynx, heart, lungs, esophagus, and abs
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Where does the accessory nerve come from?
medulla oblongata and spinal cord
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What muscles does the accessory nerve innervate?
trapezius, sternocleidomastoids, and pharynx
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Where is the hypoglassal nerve and where does it come from?
under tongue and comes from medulla oblongata
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