Art Appreciation

-Most celebrated period in Western art time when artsflourished particularly in southern Europe-ideas transmitted aroundEurope-revival of faithful reproduction of world of visual appearances-centralimportance was to convey message of church

• Figure 14-1
• Giotto, Lamentation, c. 1305

• -Part of a series of Fresco’s that Giotta painted. Painted the
• life of Christ and the life of Mary. Giotto brought the ability to bring
• solidity of form and more 3 dimensional look. Moving away from the early
• Christian style which was flat. Ability to convey emotions and tell a story.

• -giotto-lamentation-seems medieval, part of series of fresco
• painted in chapel in Padua life of Christ and life of mary-final episodes in
• life of Christ, theater set actors on a stage-acting out in sort of
• pantomime-stonger solidity of form 3d look towards figures move away from
• looking flat, more naturalistic through gesture posture facial expressions

• Figure 14-3
• Lorenzo Ghiberti, The Sacrifice of Isaac, 1401-1402

• -Humanism-study of the art of the history,
• -Winner of the comptition. Biblical story. The reason why it won was because of
• the revival of classic form; greek art.

• -ghiberti makrs beginning of renaissance acted as catalysts
• to renaissance period-scholarly efforts looks back to writers scholars of
• classical period

• -humanistic studies-catalystic studies of art, history,
• philosophy, sciences in effort to take a new look at ancient scholarship-created
• a revival especially in arts

• -competition in city of Florence-bronze doors of baptistery
• public comp selected best of best-ghiberti winner –nude figure of Isaac
• beautifully produced, elegance story telling

• Figure 14-4
• Filippo Brunelleschi, Dome of the Florence Cathedral, 1430-1436

• -dome-florence filippo brunelleschi making a study in rome
• of ancient architecture using knowledge able to complete cathedral and build
• massive dome-invented 1 pt meter perspective

• Figure 14-6
• Donatello, David, c. 1428-1432

• -donatello-david earliest first free standing life size male
• nude cast in bronze

• -The first free standing male nude
• lifesize cast in bronze since the ancient period. Another revival of the classical choros form.

• Figure 14-9
• Sandro Botticelli, The Birth of Venus, c. 1482

• -boticelli- la nascita di venere- one aspect of humanistic
• studies looking to past for inspiration and human nature-neoplatonic academy
• intellectuals looking back to works of plato and Socrates rereading and
• reinterpreting-directly related to ideas venus goddess of love and
• beauty-illusion to Christian rights such as baptism

-botticelli more original

• Figure 14-13
• Leonardo da Vinci, The Virgin of the Rocks, c. 1485

• -Marked by full understanding realiztion of techniques create
• more realistic symbolic effects

• -Madonna on the rocks-sfumato kind of lighting effect light
• comes from inside of figures themselves Leonardo able to achieve made him so
• sought after clarity logic tried to achieve

• -Strange kind of painting. He used the style known as Sfumato
• (sp), a lighting effect. Quality
• which Leonardo was able to achieve.

• Figure 14-14
• Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper, c. 1495-1498

• -Produced while Leonardo was living in Milan-damaged fresco
• the last supper-

• -Clear cut space in banquet hall merges with actual space of
• room that it was in

• -Don’t use halos tried to be faithful to world around them create 1pt linear perspective make stable form
• right in middle of work-lining up of table of foreground

-Leonardo added psychological dimension-shows us dym

• Figure 14-16
• Michelangelo Buonarroti, David, 1501-1504

• -michelangelo’s forte was sculpture. First colossal free
• standing male nude carved in marble. First of its kind since the ancient classical period.
• Considered a masterpiece. Done when the artist was barely 21 years old.

• -Michelangleos david-sculpture-marks a first-first colossal
• freestanding male nude carved in marble over 13ft first of its kind since
• ancient

• Figure 14-17
• Michelangelo Buonarroti, the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Rome, 1508-1512

• -Michelangelo best known for his painting-ceiling of Sistine
• chapel took him 4 years to do work strictly high renaissance in nature=create
• scenes from old testament based around architecture-nude male figures with medallions
• interspersed through entire composition-human form central to michelangelos
• art-center of ceiling shows depiction of the creation of adam best known
• composition in ceiling-show everything through human form-didn’t think anything
• else was worth depicting

• -known for painting. Took him four years to do the work from
• 1508-1512. Layout is high renaissance. Illusions creating
• scenes from the old testament.

• Figure 14-18
• Michelangelo Buonarroti, The Creation of Adam, detail from the Sistine Chapel ceiling.

• -The spark of life. Probably his best known composition on
• the ceiling. Shows his tendency to show everything in the human form.

• -michelangelos art-center of ceiling shows depiction of the
• creation of adam best known composition in ceiling-show everything through
• human form-didn’t think anything else was worth depicting

• Figure 14-22
• Raphael, Madonna della Sedia, 1510-1512

-Rafael-madonna della sedia- known for madonnas

• -City of Venice had different set of qualities regarding
• renaissance-venice more cosmopolitan the female nude was a preferred
• subject-loved drama supernatural effects of light

• Figure 14-23
• Titian, Venus of Urbino, 1538

• -Titian-venus of urbino-elegant beautiful reclining
• goddess-domesticated her but lots of references to marriage fidelity

• -Very elegant beautiful goddess. He domesticated her.
• Lots of references to marriage, fidelity.

• FIgure 14-24
• Andrea Palladio, Villa Rotunda (formerly Villa Capra), near Vincenza, Italy, c. 1566-1570

• -Palladio-villa rotunda- even today people read his treatise
• on architecture on ideal proportion to create buildings of beauty, 4 porches or
• porticos- merges greek and roman design

• -24- Design continues to be looked
• to by architectures, designers, etc.

Figure 14-27 Claus Sluter, The Well of Moses, 1395-1406

• -The well of moses-sluter, produced for wealthy duke of
• burgundy, topped by life sized crucifixion, destroyed during French revolution
• work has realism to characterize northern art-super detailed realism every
• detail of jewelry glass-last to adopt devices of linear perspective nudity
• etc-more esteemed in northern gothic tradition

• -Renaissance in the north is quite different. Produced
• for a very wealthy Duke. Work is by a Dutch artist.

• Figure 14-28
• Jan van Eyck, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, 1434.

• -Jan van eyck-fidelty loyalty marriage-typical in northern
• art in contemporary art in their own terms-quality of northern art-subtle
• things in picture dog, peaches, etc

• -use of symbolism. A lot of symbols that indicate the message.
• Shoes have been removed; sacred place. Dog indicate one
• of the important attributes of marriage.

• Figure 14-31
• Albrecht Durer, The Knight, Death, and the Devil, 1513.
• -Durer-german artist, most famous artist of his time in
• Europe produced in form of book-circulated quite well known famous-series of
• apocaluptic visions, engravings, night death and devil-characteristic of north
• imagination-gives them quality of reality

Figure 14-34 Matthias Grunewald, The Isenheim Altarpiece (closed), Crucifixion (center panel, 1510-1515

• Crucifixion-reformation first challenges to catholic
• church-practices brought to question resulted in a lot of religious images
• –grusome gory realism-good example of gruesome gross realism, northern artists
• delight in doing-great contrast to Italian art more beautiful elegant way

• Figure 14-36
• Hieronymus Bosch, triptych of The Garden of Earthly Delights, Creation of Eve (left wing), The Garden of Earthly Delights (center panel), Hell (right wing) 1505-1510

• -bosch-garden of earthly
• delights-values order vs chaos insanity

• -impasto-thick application of paint
• -impasto-thick application of paint
• -sfumato-lighting Leonardo invented