ECG

innermost layer of the heart. it lines heart muscle and covers the heart valves

The middle and thickest layer of the heart.

also known as visceral pericardium. it is the outermost layer.

Separates the right atrium and right ventricle.

separates the left atrium and left ventricle

located between the right ventricle and the Aorta

located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Coronary atreries.

the ability of cardiac mucle cells to respond to an outside stimulus. excitability may be increased as a result of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

second intercostal space.

separates the left and right halves of the heart.

is located at the fifth intercostal space.

is the surge of blood pushed into the ventricles as a result of atrial contraction.

Systole the top number of a blood pressure.

Diastole the bottom number of a blood pressure.

six lead directly monitor electrodes on the arms and legs. Three are standard leads and three are augmented leads.

aka Bipolar lead because it directly monitors two electrodes, Leads 1,2,3 are standard limb leads.

aka unipolar lead because it directly monitors only one electrode. augmented lead is very slight. Leads aVR, aVL, aVF are sugmented limb leads.

Anodes or posititve electrodes, of these six unipolar leads are placed arcoss the ches in specific pattern.

a specifically designed electrode wire V lead advanced intravenously. from the internal jugular, subclvian, or femoral vein into the right atrial cavity.

the transmission of ECG signals via radio waves.

Fourth intercostal space, to the right of the sternum

Fourth intercostal space to the left of the sternum.

Fifth intercostal space imdway between v2 and v4

fifth intercostal space on the left midclavicular line. Which is mid way of the clavical

fifth intercostal space midway between v4 and v6

• fifth intercostal space on the left midaxillary line
• , mid way of the axilla

a monitor or tv type device that show the tracing of the electrical activity of the heart.

the positive electrode of an ECG lead.

is never used for ECG tracings it serves as an electrical ground.

the electrical state of the heart at rest, in which the electrical charge on the outside of muscle cells is negative in relation to the inside.

A change of polarity. it is the electrical discharge that precedes contraction.

an indication as on an ECG tracing of no electrical charge or activity. It is also known as an isoelectric line.

the restoraton of a cell to its orginal pattern of charge. It is a return to polarization form the depolarized state.

P WAVE

the Q, R, and S waves whih correlate with the contraction of the ventricles.

an upward curve that repe\resents the recovery or repolarization of the ventricles.

low potassium levesl in their blood.

includes the P wave and the stright line connecting it to the QRS complex. It represents the time it takes for the electrical impulse to travel from the SA node to the AV node.

includes the QRS comples and S-T segment and Twave. It represents the time it takes for the ventricles to contract and recover, or repolarize.

connects the end of the QRS complex with the beginning of the T wave. It represents the time between contraction of the ventricles and recovery.

absence of cardiac electrical activity, represented as a stright line on the ECG.

deviatin up or down from zero on the isoelectric line.

the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle into the aorta in 1 minute.

a shift in the baseline from the center position for that lead. caused by muscle movement and mechanical problems.

a flat line on the tracing of one of the leads is typically caused by a loose or disconnected wire.

placement outside the usual location.

a beat having an etopic focus a site of impulse formationlocated somewhere other than the SA node.

a type of arrhythmia in which every other beat is ectopic or premature.

can cause ischemia, myocardial infaraction,or congestive heart failure CHF.

the absence of the heart.

the absence of cardiac rhythm. it is called asystole.

incomplete irregular and rapid contraction of the atria between 350 to 500 per min.

contraction of the atria between 250 and 350 per minute

cessation of coordinated ventricular contraction. untreated ventricular fibrillation leads to cardiac arrest.

contraction of the ventricles between 150 and 300 per min. it is a dangerous rhythm and should be reported immediately.

the rhythm of a dying heart, usually ventricular, extreamely slow and irregular and becoming slower to the point of asystole.

pain in the heart aka cardialgia.

rupture of the heart wall

ballooning of the aorta.

the successful depolarization of an atrium or ventricle achieved, by atrifical pacemaker.

the administration of timed electrical shocks for the purpose of correctin certain arrhythmias or restoring normal rhythm.

surgical repair of the heart.

the suturing of the heart muscle.