balance and coordination/relaxation

  1. What is balance?
    condition in which all forces acting on the body are balanced such that the COM is within the stability limits
  2. What is coordination?
    usage of correct muscles at the correct time with the correct intensity and speed. its the basis of smoth, efficient movement
  3. What part of the brain does balance and coordination come from?
    cerebellum
  4. What are coordination deficits called?
    ataxia
  5. What are some of the indications for balance training?
    arthritis, MS, parkinsons, CVA, prosthetics, gait disorders, vestibular rehab, soft tissue injury, joint injury, cerebellar disorders
  6. What are the 3 senses that help maintain balance?
    • vision (gives us a sight for orientation)
    • vestibular (inner ear, where equalibrium is housed)
    • proprioception (neurological feedback from soft tissue, jts, etc that gives feedback to where we are)
  7. What is vertigo?
    pt gets dizzy and cant keep balance
  8. What are some things balance training can improve?
    • trunk stability, biomechanical alignment, symmetrical weight
    • awareness and control of COM and limits of stability
    • musculoskeletal responses necessary for balance including functional ROM, strength, and synergistic patterns
    • functional balance during static and dynamic activities
    • utilization of sensory systems
    • safety awareness and compensatory strategies for effective fall prevention
  9. What are the first areas we need to focus on improving?
    • ROM
    • muscle strength
    • endurance
    • stabilization control
  10. After we have improved the first focus areas, what can we then focus on?
    • manual perturbation
    • moveable surfaces that displace the BOS (swiss ball, pillow etc)
  11. What is manual perturbation?
    manual force used to displace COM (push pt around)
  12. What are some indications for coordination exercises?
    parkinsonism, MS, CP, CVA (all effect CNS), post injury/post surgically (effects proprioception and muscle strength/balance)
  13. What are some of the progressions of coordination exercises?
    • increase: speed, # of reps, resistance (gradually), complexity (concentric->eccentric->isokinetic)
    • decrease rest production
  14. What are the balance rankings?
    • N-4=normal
    • G-3=slight difficulty
    • F-2=mod. difficulty
    • P-1=severe difficulty
    • 0=unable
  15. Who developed the specific coordination exercises (swiss ball/balance board)?
    frenkels
  16. What is non-equilibrium?
    components of mvmt-analyzed when a pts stability is challenged

    pillow, foam mat, etc
  17. What is n assessment when pt is standing or using any stage of development sequence?
    equilibrium
  18. What is gross?
    large muscle groups
  19. What is fine?
    small muscle groups
  20. What is Rhomberg?
    pt has inability to maintain balance with eyes closed
  21. Who developed the balance tests?
    berg
  22. What type of tests did tinetti develop?
    balance, gait
  23. What is the conscious effort to relieve tension in muscles?
    relaxation
  24. How do we provide relaxation locally?
    • ROM
    • heat
    • massage
    • biofeedback
  25. How do we provide relaxation generally?
    • Jacobsons (relaxation)
    • guided imagery
    • progressive muscle relaxation techniques
    • deep breathing
    • biofeedback
  26. What is the purpose of relaxation exercises?
    • decreased tension and pain
    • increase circulation
  27. What are some indications for using relaxation techniques?
    tension, HTN, anxiety, pain, muscle guarding, spasm, hypertonic muscles
  28. What is the pain cycle? (4)
    anxiety -> tension -> strength of contraction -> prolonged muscular contractions
  29. What are contraindications of relaxation techniques?
    • lack of muscle tone
    • comatose
    • disoriented pt
  30. Who developed relaxation techniques (tighten and let go)?
    jacobson
Author
jpowell22
ID
145789
Card Set
balance and coordination/relaxation
Description
balance/coordination/relaxation
Updated